AC 191 - Athens, silver, tetradrachms (510-475 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 7545


510 BCE - 475 BCE Silver 143,981 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Head of Athena r., wearing crested Attic helmet and disc earring
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: AΘE (Greek).Owl standing r. with closed wings, head facing, in upper l. field, olive-twig. All within incuse square
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Athens Ancient regionAncient region.: Attica Modern countryModern country: Greece AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 510 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 475 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Archaic and Classical
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 17.15 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: tetradrachm Nomisma.org StandardStandard.: Attic
Image
AC191 Athens.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Seltman 19241Seltman 1924, Groupes C, E, F, Gi, Gii, H, L, M and N.
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: Sear I2Sear I, n° 1839, RQEMAC3RQEMAC, n° 191



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 139 59.15 139 32.33 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 41, 42, 44, 45, 63, 67, 69, 70, 73, 75, 77, 78, 79, 81, 82, 83, 84, 86, 89, 90, 92, 95, 96, 97, 98, 100, 101, 102, 104, 109, 110, 111, 112, 115, 116, 120, 121, 124, 125, 126, 132, 133, 135, 136, 138, 139, 141, 143, 145, 146, 150, 151, 152, 158, 160, 161, 162, 164, 167, 170, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 179, 180, 184, 185, 187, 189, 192, 195, 215, 216, 217, 220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227, 228, 230, 232, 233, 237, 238, 239, 241, 242, 243, 244, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 253, 255, 256, 257, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 284, 285, 287, 288, 291, 292, 293, 295, 297, 298
2 54 22.98 108 25.12 40, 43, 76, 80, 85, 87, 93, 94, 103, 106, 107, 108, 114, 123, 127, 128, 130, 131, 137, 142, 144, 156, 157, 163, 166, 168, 169, 171, 173, 181, 183, 188, 190, 191, 197, 198, 218, 219, 224, 231, 236, 245, 251, 252, 258, 259, 266, 267, 277, 283, 286, 289, 290, 299
3 18 7.66 54 12.56 38, 39, 62, 64, 71, 74, 88, 99, 105, 117, 118, 140, 149, 155, 165, 186, 294, 296
4 10 4.26 40 9.3 65, 66, 68, 122, 129, 134, 154, 193, 214, 235
5 4 1.7 20 4.65 34, 113, 229, 254
6 5 2.13 30 6.98 91, 159, 178, 182, 234
7 2 0.85 14 3.26 147, 196
8 2 0.85 16 3.72 194, 240
9 1 0.43 9 2.09 148
Total 235 of 235 100.01 430 of 430 100.01
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 235 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  139
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 311 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 430
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 1.83 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 1.38
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 1.32 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  59.15 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  419.77 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  8,395,400
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 518.21 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00005
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 67.67% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  2,048.74
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  143,981 kg <br /> 143,981 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  5,121.85
Remarks


References

  1. ^  Seltman, Charles T. (1924), Athens. Its History and Coinage before the Persian, Cambridge, 228 p., 24 pl.
  2. ^  Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
  3. ^  Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.