Antioch (Seleucus III), silver, tetradrachms (226-223 BCE)
From SILVER
226 BCE - 223 BCE Silver 1,990 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed head right |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | (Greek).Apollo, testing arrow and resting hand on grounded bow, seated left on omphalos, monograms to outer left and outer right |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Antioch | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Syria | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Seleucid Dynasty (312-63 BC), Seleucus III Ceraunus (Seleucid king, 225-223 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 226 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 223 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 17.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
S1787 Antioch tetradrachm Seleucus III.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Houghton 19911Houghton 1991, p. 81 (Table 2), Le Rider 19992Le Rider 1999, p. 97-102 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | HGC 93HGC 9, n° 414, SC I4SC I, n° 921.1 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 6 | 1 | 16.67 | 6 | 4.48 | 4 |
| 14 | 1 | 16.67 | 14 | 10.45 | 1 |
| 16 | 1 | 16.67 | 16 | 11.94 | 2 |
| 22 | 1 | 16.67 | 22 | 16.42 | 6 |
| 31 | 1 | 16.67 | 31 | 23.13 | 5 |
| 45 | 1 | 16.67 | 45 | 33.58 | 3 |
| Total | 6 of 6 | 100.02 | 134 of 134 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 6 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 83 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 134 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 22.33 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.61 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 13.83 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 5.82 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 116,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 6.28 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00115 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 46,048.11 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,990 kg <br /> 1,990 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 115,120.27 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation See also Houghton 1991, p. 81 (6 obverses for 90 tetradrachms)
References
- ^ Houghton, Arthur (1991), "The Antioch Project," in William E. Metcalf (ed.), Mnemata : papers in memory of Nancy M. Waggoner, New York, p. 73-97
- ^ Le Rider, Georges (1999), Antioche de Syrie sous les séleucides : corpus des monnaies d'or et d'argent. I, De Séleucos I à Antiochos V, c. 300-161, Mémoires de l'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres, n.s. 19, Paris, 260 p., 27 pl.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2009), Handbook of ancient Syrian coins : royal and civic issues, fourth to first centuries BC, The Handbook of Greek Coinage 9, Lancaster, lxix, 332 p.
- ^ Houghton, Arthur - Lorber, Catharine (2002), Seleucid coins : a comprehensive catalogue. Part 1, Seleucus I through Antiochus III, New York - Lancaster - London, 2 v. (xxxviii, 488 p. + 300 p.), 101 pl.
