H 18 - Vibo Valentia, bronze, triens (192-189 BCE)
From SILVER
192 BCE - 189 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Helmeted head of Athena right, •••• (mark of value) to left |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | VALENTIA (Latin).Owl standing right, to right, star above •••• (mark of value) |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Vibo Valentia | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bruttium | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Roman Republic |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 192 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 189 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | triens
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
H 18 - Vibo Valentia, bronze, triens, 192-189 BC.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Taliercio Mensitieri 19891Taliercio Mensitieri 1989, Series IV, 51–7, HN Italy2HN Italy, n° 2264 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear I3Sear I, n° 662, RQEMH4RQEMH, n° 18 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 3 | 15 | 3 | 2.29 | 6;113;133 |
| 2 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 3.05 | 57;59 |
| 3 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 4.58 | 51;164 |
| 4 | 4 | 20 | 16 | 12.21 | 32;52;56;195 |
| 8 | 1 | 5 | 8 | 6.11 | 112 |
| 9 | 1 | 5 | 9 | 6.87 | 7 |
| 10 | 2 | 10 | 20 | 15.27 | 77;134 |
| 11 | 1 | 5 | 11 | 8.4 | 10 |
| 13 | 2 | 10 | 26 | 19.85 | 54;165 |
| 14 | 2 | 10 | 28 | 21.37 | 9;89 |
| Total | 20 of 20 | 100 | 131 of 131 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 20 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 3 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 21 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 131 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 6.55 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 6.24 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.05 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 15 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 21.27 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 425,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 23.6 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00031 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 97.71% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 12,317.82 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 30,794.55 |
Remarks
