Locri Epizephyrii? (Bruttii), silver, denarii (Hera Lakinia/Zeus) (214/13-211/10 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 8660


214 BCE - 210 BCE Silver 2,291 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Veiled head of Hera Lakinia facing right, wearing a polos, a sceptre over shoulder, a bucranium on left
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: BPETTIΩN (Greek).Zeus standing left, his right foot on an ionic capital, holding a sceptre, a crab on left
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Locri Epizephyrii Ancient regionAncient region.: Bruttium Modern countryModern country: Italy AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: The Bruttians
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 214 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 210 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 4.65 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: denarius Nomisma.org, drachma Nomisma.org StandardStandard.:
Image
H 10 - Mint of uncertain location of the Bruttii, silver, denarius, 214-13-211-10 BC.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Arslan 19891Arslan 1989
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: Sear I2Sear I, n° 515, RQEMH3RQEMH, n° 10, HN Italy4HN Italy, n° 1969-1970, HGC 15HGC 1, n° 1357
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 2 8 2 0.51 19, 30
2 1 4 2 0.51 6
3 2 8 6 1.54 9, 18
4 2 8 8 2.05 28, 15
5 2 8 10 2.56 12, 26
7 3 12 21 5.38 5, 10, 13
9 2 8 18 4.62 8, 16
14 1 4 14 3.59 21
15 1 4 15 3.85 14
18 1 4 18 4.62 11
21 1 4 21 5.38 17
23 1 4 23 5.9 27
24 1 4 24 6.15 24
26 1 4 26 6.67 23
28 1 4 28 7.18 25
38 1 4 38 9.74 29
56 1 4 56 14.36 7
60 1 4 60 15.38 21
Total 25 of 25 100 390 of 390 99.99
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 25 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  2
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 42 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 390
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 15.6 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 9.29
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 1.68 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  8 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  24.63 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  492,600
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 26.71 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00079
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 99.49% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  31,668.7
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  2,291 kg <br /> 2,291 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  79,171.74
Remarks
Likely military

References

  1. ^  Arslan, Ermanno A. (1989), Monetazione aurea ed argentea dei Brettii, Glaux 4, Milan.
  2. ^  Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
  3. ^  Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
  4. ^  Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.
  5. ^  Hoover, Oliver D. (2018), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 1. Handbook of Coins of Italy and Magna Graecia, Sixth to First Centuries BC., Lancaster-London, 2018, lxi, 527 pages, 23 cm