Perinthus (Lysimachus), gold, staters (Alexander/Athena) (280-250 BCE)
From SILVER
280 BCE - 250 BCE Gold 39,253 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed head of deified Alexander the Great right, with horn of Ammon |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΛΥΣΙΜΑΧΟΥ (Greek).Athena enthroned left, holding Nike, who crowns king's name, and leaning left elbow on shield at her side, a spear resting behind her, foreparts of two horses joined back to back and monogram on left |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Perinthus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Thrace | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Lysimachus (Macedonian officer, diadochus and king, c. 360-281 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 280 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 250 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.50 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | stater
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
Perinthus_Lysimachus_staters.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Marinescu 20231Marinescu 2023 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Marinescu - Lorber 20122Marinescu - Lorber 2012 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 4 | 80 | 4 | 66.67 | 1, 5, 8, 9 |
| 2 | 1 | 20 | 2 | 33.33 | 4 |
| Total | 5 of 5 | 100 | 6 of 6 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 5 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 4 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 5 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 6 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.2 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.2 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 80 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 23.09 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 461,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 30 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00001 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 33.33% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 519.71 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 39,253 kg <br /> 39,253 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 1,299.26 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Likely military
