Populonia, silver, 20 asses (300-250 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 10889


300 BCE - 250 BCE Silver 6,459 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Diademed gorgoneion facing, XX (mark of value) below
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: Blank
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Populonia Ancient regionAncient region.: Etruria Modern countryModern country: Italy AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 300 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 250 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 8.10 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: 20 asses StandardStandard.:
Image
S 1685 - Populonia, silver, 20 asses (211-206 BCE).jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Vecchi 19901Vecchi 1990, p. 9-22, n° 13-69, Vecchi 20122Vecchi 2012, p. 127-199, Giannoni 20183Giannoni 2018, p. 7-8
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: Sear I4Sear I, n° 274-275, HN Italy5HN Italy, n° 142-153, HGC 16HGC 1, n° 103-114
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 15 38.46 15 4.14 1X//X, 1°XuX°, 3°X.:.X°, 6XX, 7XX, 8XX, 12XX, 17XX, 3X:X, 6X:X, 9X:X, 10X:X, 11X:X
2 1 2.56 2 0.55 10XX
3 5 12.82 15 4.14 4XX, 11XX, 15XX, 16XX, 2X..X
4 2 5.13 8 2.21 5XX, 9XX
5 2 5.13 10 2.76 13XX, 14XX
6 1 2.56 6 1.66 2°X.:.X°
7 1 2.56 7 1.93 2XX
8 1 2.56 8 2.21 5X:X
9 2 5.13 18 4.97 1°X.:.X°, 1X..X
11 1 2.56 11 3.04 1X°X
14 1 2.56 14 3.87 4X:X
16 1 2.56 16 4.42 7X:X
20 2 5.13 40 11.05 1°X:X°, 1XX
24 1 2.56 24 6.63 3XX
26 1 2.56 26 7.18 8X:X
41 1 2.56 41 11.33 2X:X
101 1 2.56 101 27.9 1X:X
Total 39 of 39 99.96 362 of 362 99.99
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 39 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  15
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 20 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 362
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 9.28 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 18.1
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 0.51 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  38.46 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  39.87 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  797,400
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 43.71 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00045
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 95.86% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  18,159.02
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  6,459 kg <br /> 6,459 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  45,397.54
Remarks

Most likely one single workstation

References

  1. ^  Vecchi, Italo (1990), "The Coinage of the Rasna. A Study in Etruscan Numismatics. Part II: Populonia's didenarii", Schweizerische numismatische Rundschau, 69, p. 5-25.
  2. ^  Vecchi, Italo (2012), Etruscan coinage: a corpus of the struck coinage of the Rasna, together with an historical and economic commentary on the issues (gold, silver and bronze), Milan, Ennerre, 590 p. (135 pl.).
  3. ^  Giannoni, Luciano (2018), Schede quantitative delle emissioni monetali etrusche, unpublished manuscript, s.l., 13 p.
  4. ^  Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
  5. ^  Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.
  6. ^  Hoover, Oliver D. (2018), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 1. Handbook of Coins of Italy and Magna Graecia, Sixth to First Centuries BC., Lancaster-London, 2018, lxi, 527 pages, 23 cm