S 1050 - Ephesus, bronze (bee/stag) (425-400 BCE) Karwiese 8.2
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425 BCE - 400 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Bee. Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΕΦ (Greek).Head of deer right. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Ephesus | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Ionia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 425 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 400 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 0.60 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | StandardStandard.: |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Karwiese 20191Karwiese 2019, series 8.2.1, 8.2.2, 8.2.3, 8.2.4. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 34 | 73.91 | 34 | 53.97 | 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46 |
| 2 | 8 | 17.39 | 16 | 25.4 | 1, 16, 18, 24, 29, 39, 40, 43 |
| 3 | 3 | 6.52 | 9 | 14.29 | 3, 8, 28 |
| 4 | 1 | 2.17 | 4 | 6.35 | 4 |
| Total | 46 of 46 | 99.99 | 63 of 63 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 46 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 34 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 23 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 63 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.37 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.74 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 0.5 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 73.91 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 135.29 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,705,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 170.47 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00002 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 46.03% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 931.33 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 2,328.33 |
Remarks
