S 1242 - Bactria (uncertain mint B) (Euthydemus), silver, tetradrachms (230-200 BCE)
From SILVER
230 BCE - 200 BCE Silver 39,067 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of king Euthydemus right, wearing diadem. Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΕΥΘΥΔΗΜΟΥ (Greek).Heracles seated on rock left, naked, holding club, resting on separate pile of rocks. In right field, monogram. Border of dots. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Bactria (uncertain mint B) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bactria | Modern countryModern country: Afghanistan | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Euthydemus I of Bactria (satrap of Sogdiana and Greco-Bactrian king, c. 230-c. 200 BC), Bactrian Kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 230 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 200 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 16.15 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
S1242 Euthydemus tetradrachms Mint B.jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Glenn 20201Glenn 2020, p. 214-237, no. 271-654. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 7515-7516, HGC 123HGC 12, n° 42 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 34 | 33.33 | 34 | 8.92 | 76, 77, 78, 81, 82, 85, 86, 93, 96, 99, 104, 110, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 126, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 146, 155, 158, 174, 175, 176 |
| 2 | 13 | 12.75 | 26 | 6.82 | 75, 87, 106, 109, 129, 130, 151, 156, 159, 164, 171, 172, 173 |
| 3 | 13 | 12.75 | 39 | 10.24 | 79, 80, 94, 100, 105, 111, 113, 120, 128, 131, 152, 154, 168 |
| 4 | 14 | 13.73 | 56 | 14.7 | 90, 91, 92, 97, 101, 102, 108, 123, 134, 147, 148, 149, 162, 170 |
| 5 | 7 | 6.86 | 35 | 9.19 | 84, 103, 107, 118, 121, 127, 165 |
| 6 | 4 | 3.92 | 24 | 6.3 | 132, 133, 153, 157 |
| 7 | 5 | 4.9 | 35 | 9.19 | 89, 119, 125, 145, 166 |
| 8 | 3 | 2.94 | 24 | 6.3 | 88, 98, 122 |
| 10 | 3 | 2.94 | 30 | 7.87 | 83, 150, 161 |
| 11 | 2 | 1.96 | 22 | 5.77 | 160, 169 |
| 12 | 1 | 0.98 | 12 | 3.15 | 124 |
| 13 | 1 | 0.98 | 13 | 3.41 | 163 |
| 14 | 1 | 0.98 | 14 | 3.67 | 167 |
| 17 | 1 | 0.98 | 17 | 4.46 | 95 |
| Total | 102 of 102 | 100 | 381 of 381 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 102 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 34 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 232 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 381 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.74 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.64 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.27 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 120.95 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,419,000 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 139.29 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00016 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 91.08% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 6,300.12 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 39,067 kg <br /> 39,067 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 15,750.31 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Glenn, Simon (2020), Money and Power in Hellenistic Bactria: Euthydemus I to Antimachus I, Numismatic Studies 43, New York, 2020, 394 p., 106 pl.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2013), Handbook of coins of Baktria and ancient India : including Sogdiana, Margiana, Areia, and the Indo-Greek, Indo-Skythian, and native Indian states south of the Hindu Kush, fifth century BC to first century, Lancaster-London,
