S 1438 - Dyrrhachium (Roman Republic), silver, drachms (80-55 BCE)

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 8625

80 BCE - 55 BCE Silver 44,093 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	ΜΕΝΙΣΚΟΣ (Greek).Cow standing right, head turned to nudge suckling calf standing left below, to right, statue of Isis facing
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	ΔΥΡ ΛΥ-ΚΙΣ-ΚΟΥ (Greek).Divided double square containing two stellate designs

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Dyrrhachium

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Illyricum

Modern countryModern country: Albania

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Roman Republic

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

80 BCE

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

55 BCE

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic ^{323-30 BC}

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:

Silver

Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams

3.30

DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:

drachma

StandardStandard.:

Image

S1438 Dyrrhachium V.jpg [1]

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	Meta 20151Meta 2015, p. 118-130 (Series III, phase V)
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:	Sear I2Sear I, n° 1901
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:	https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/dyrrhachium.meta 2015.serie iii phase v drachme

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ^ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	173	63.14	173	42.4	S2, S3, F1, F2, F9, F10, F11, F13, F14, F16, F18, F20, F21, F23, F24, F26, F27, F28, F29, F30, X3, X6, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, X16, X18, X19, X21, X22, X23, X24, X28, X29, X30, X34, X36, X37, X38, X39, X40, X41, X42, X43, X44, X45, X46, X48, X51, X53, X59, X60, X61, X62, X63, X66, X67, X68, X69, X70, X71, X72, X73, X74, X75, X76, X77, X81, X82, X86, X87, X88, X93, X94, X95, X96, X98, X100, X101, X102, X103, X104, X105, X106, X110, X111, X112, X113, X114, X115, X116, X117, M1, M2, M4, M5, M6, M7, M9, M12, M14, M16, M18, M20, M21, M22, M23, M24, M25, M26, M29, M30, M31, M32, M33, M35, M36, M37, M39, M43, M44, M45, M46, M47, M48, M50, M51, M55, M58, M59, M61, M62, M63, M65, M69, M70, M72, M73, M74, M75, M77, M79, M83, M84, M86, M89, M90, M91, M94, M95, M96, M97, M98, M99, M100, M101, M102, M103, M105, M108, M110, M112, M114, M119, M120, M121, M122
2	75	27.37	150	36.76	S1, F3, F4, F6, F8, F12, F15, F17, F19, F22, X1, X4, X5, X14, X15, X17, X20, X25, X27, X32, X35, X47, X49, X55, X58, X65, X78, X79, X80, X83, X84, X85, X89, X90, X91, X92, X97, X99, X107, M3, M8, M15, M17, M19, M27, M28, M34, M38, M40, M41, M49, M53, M54, M56, M57, M60, M64, M66, M68, M71, M76, M78, M82, M85, M87, M88, M92, M93, M104, M106, M107, M109, M111, M113, M117
3	21	7.66	63	15.44	F7, F25, X2, X26, X31, X50, X54, X56, X57, X64, X108, X109, M10, M11, M13, M42, M52, M67, M81, M115, M118
4	3	1.09	12	2.94	F5, X52, M116
5	2	0.73	10	2.45	X33, M80
Total	274 of 274	99.99	408 of 408	99.99

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	274	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ^ᵖ	173
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	267	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	408
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	1.49	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	1.53
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	0.97	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	63.14 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ^ᵖ	668.08	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ^ᵖ	13,361,600
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ^ᵖ (O)	834.27	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ^ᵖ	0.00003
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ^ᵖ (o = % of O)	57.6%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ^ᵖ	1,221.41
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ^ᵖ	44,093 kg <br /> 44,093 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ^ᵖ	3,053.53

Remarks

References

^ Meta, Albana (2015), Le monnayage en argent de Dyrrachion. 375-60/55 av. J.-C., Athens, 405 p.
^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.