S 1603 - Ephesus (Phanes), electrum, staters (625-600 BCE)

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 11140

625 BCE - 600 BCE Electrum 12,944 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	ΦΑΝΟΣ EMI ΣEIMA ("I am the badge of Phanes" or "I am the tomb of light") above, retrograde (Greek).Spotted stag walking right, head lowered
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	Two square incuse punches flanking rectangular incuse, all with linear cross-hatch patterns within

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Ephesus

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Ionia

Modern countryModern country: Turkey

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

625 BCE

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

600 BCE

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Archaic ^{until 480 BC}

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:

Electrum http://nomisma.org/id/el

Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams

14.10

DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:

stater

StandardStandard.:

Milesian

Image

S1603 Phanes staters.jpg [1]

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	Fischer-Bossert 2020c1Fischer-Bossert 2020c, p. 443-445, n° 1-4
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:	Sear II2Sear II, n° 3472

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ^ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	2	50	2	11.76	3, 4
5	1	25	5	29.41	2
10	1	25	10	58.82	1
Total	4 of 4	100	17 of 17	99.99

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	4	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ^ᵖ	2
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)		Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	17
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	4.25	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)		Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	50 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ^ᵖ	4.59	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ^ᵖ	91,800
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ^ᵖ (O)	5.23	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ^ᵖ	0.00019
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ^ᵖ (o = % of O)	88.24%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ^ᵖ	7,407.41
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ^ᵖ	12,944 kg <br /> 12,944 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ^ᵖ	18,518.52

Remarks

References

^ Fischer-Bossert, Wolfgang (2020), "Phanes: a Die Study", in P. van Alfen, U. Wartenberg, W. Fischer-Bossert, H. Gitler, K. Konuk and C. Lorber (eds), White Gold. Studies in Early Electrum Coinage, New York/Jerusalem, p. 423-476.
^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762