S 229 - Mleiha, silver, tetradrachms (Alexander the Great) (250-200 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 9566


250 BCE - 200 BCE Silver

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Head of Herakles to right, wearing lion skin headdress
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: 𐡀𐡁𐡂𐡀𐡋𐡁𐡓𐡕𐡁𐡂𐡋𐡍 (by'l brt bgln' in Aramaic) (Aramaic).Male figure seated left on low throne, holding long scepter in his left hand and eagle standing right with closed wings in his right
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Mleiha Ancient regionAncient region.: Arabia Modern countryModern country: AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC)
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 250 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 200 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 15.20 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: tetradrachm Nomisma.org StandardStandard.: Attic
Image
S229 Abiel (imitations) tetra.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Van Alfen 20101Van Alfen 2010, p.
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 6 6 I1.1, I2.1, I2.2, I2.3, I2.4, I3b2
2 6 12 I3.4, I3.5, I3.6, I3.8, I3d.1, I3e.3
3 3 9 I3.2, I3.7, I3e.2
4 2 8 I3b.3, I3c1
5 1 5 I2.5
6 2 12 I3b.1, I3e.1
7 1 7 I3d.2
31 1 31 I3.1
Total 22 of 90 of
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  14
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  Expression error: Unexpected / operator. Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. 
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. 
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) % Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. 
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. 
Remarks


References

  1. ^  van Alfen, Peter G. (2010), "A die study of the 'Abiel' coinages of Eastern Arabia", in Martin Huth and Peter G. van Alfen (eds.), Coinage of the caravan kingdoms : studies in ancient Arabian monetization of the caravan kingdoms, New York, American Numismatic Society, p. 549-594.