332 BCE - 320 BCE Gold 23,489 kg
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| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:
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Head of Athena to right, wearing crested Corinthian helmet decorated with a coiled serpent.
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| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:
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(BAΣΙΛΕΩΣ) ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ (Greek).Nike standing front, head to left, with her wings spread, holding laurel wreath in her right hand and stylis in her left, to lower right, wreath.
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Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:
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Aradus
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Ancient regionAncient region.:
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Phoenicia
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Modern countryModern country: Syria
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AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
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Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC)
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Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.
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332 BCE
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toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..
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320 BCE
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PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical and Hellenistic
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:
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Gold 
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Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams
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8.56
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DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:
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stater
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StandardStandard.:
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Attic
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References
| Die study referencePublication of the study:
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Duyrat 20051Duyrat 2005, p. 15, n° 52-63 (Group III, Series 3 et Group IV, Series 1), p. 17, n° 137-164 (Group IV, Series 2-3) et p. 24-25, n° 539-549 (Group IV, Series 11)
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| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:
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HGC 102HGC 10, n° 58
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| Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:
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| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ
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Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)
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% (o)
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Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)
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% (n)
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Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
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| 1
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3
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25
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3
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5.77
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2, 4, 5
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| 2
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1
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8.33
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2
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3.85
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6
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| 3
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1
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8.33
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3
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5.77
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12
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| 4
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3
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25
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12
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23.08
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3, 10, 11
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| 5
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1
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8.33
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5
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9.62
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1
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| 8
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1
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8.33
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8
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15.38
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8
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| 9
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1
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8.33
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9
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17.31
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9
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| 10
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1
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8.33
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10
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19.23
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7
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| Total
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12 of 12
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99.98
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52 of 52
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100.01
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Expand
no distribution is available
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| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)
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12
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Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ
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3
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| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)
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21
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Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)
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52
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| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)
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4.33
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Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)
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2.48
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| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)
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1.75
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Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ
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25 %
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| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ
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13.72
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Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ
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274,400
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| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O)
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15.6
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Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ
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0.00019
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| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O)
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94.23%
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Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ
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7,580.17
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| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ
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23,489 kg <br /> 23,489 kg
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Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ
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18,950.44
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S 36 - Aradus (Alexander the Great), gold, staters (332-320 BCE)
