S 674 - Alexandria, silver, tetradrachm, 146-116 BC

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 9413


146 BCE - 116 BCE Silver 52,920 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Head of Ptolemy I Soter to right, wearing diadem and aegis around neck.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ (Greek).Eagle standing to left on thunderbolt, date in field
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Alexandria Ancient regionAncient region.: Egypt Modern countryModern country: Egypt AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: Ptolemy VIII Physcon (169-164, 144-132/1 and 126-116 BC)
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 146 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 116 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 14.10 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: tetradrachm Nomisma.org StandardStandard.: Ptolemaic
Image
S 674 - Alexandria Tetradrachm 146-116 BC (Olivier 2012, Planche LV, 4693).png
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Olivier 20121Olivier 2012, p. 202-210, no. 4444-4782.
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 51 37.78 51 15.04 D35, D39, D45, D47, D49, D51, D52, D53, D54, D55, D57, D58, D61, D63, D67, D68, D72, D74, D82, D84, D89, D97, D98, D99, D100, D102, D103, D105, D109, D111, D112, D117, D119, D120, D121, D129, D131, D134, D135, D136, D137, D138, D157, D158, D159, D160, D161, D162, D163, D164, D166
2 38 28.15 76 22.42 D32, D33, D34, D36, D38, D42, D43, D46, D48, D56, D59, D64, D70, D71, D73, D80, D81, D85, D86, D88, D90, D95, D101, D116, D118, D124, D125, D126, D127, D128, D130, D132, D133, D151, D152, D153, D154, D156
3 16 11.85 48 14.16 D37, D41, D44, D87, D96, D110, D114, D144, D145, D146, D147, D148, D149, D150, D155, D165
4 13 9.63 52 15.34 D50, D60, D66, D75, D77, D83, D91, D104, D106, D113, D115, D122, D143
5 7 5.19 35 10.32 D40, D65, D78, D107, D123, D141, D142
6 4 2.96 24 7.08 D62, D76, D79, D108
7 3 2.22 21 6.19 D93, D94, D139
9 2 1.48 18 5.31
12 1 0.74 12 3.54 D69
Total 135 of 135 100 337 of 339 99.4
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 135 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  51
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 285 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 339
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 2.51 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 1.19
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 2.11 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  37.78 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  187.66 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  3,753,200
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 224.34 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00009
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 84.96% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  3,612.92
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  52,920 kg <br /> 52,920 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  9,032.29
Remarks


References

  1. ^  Olivier, Julien (2012), Archè et Chrèmata en Egypte au IIe siècle avant J.-C. (204-81 av. J.-C.). Etude de numismatique et d'histoire, [Unpublished doctoral dissertation], Orléans University, 2012.