S 882 - Punjab (uncertain mint) (Hippostratos), silver, tetradrachms (70-55 BCE)
From SILVER
70 BCE - 55 BCE Silver 36,776 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ (ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ) ΣΩΤΗΡΟΣ ΙΠΠΟΣΤΡΑΤΟΥ (Greek).Bust of Hippostratus right, wearing (diadem and) chlamys. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Maharajasa tratarasa (mahatasa) jayamtasa Hipustratasa (transcription from Kharoshthi).Several types : 1) Hippostratus riding right, wearing diadem, armour and chlamys. In field, a monogram (and a/several Kharosthi character(s)) (no. 32-55 et 59-111), 2) Godess three quarter left, wearing polos, chiton and chlamys, holding cornucopia and holding hand. In field, a monogram and a Kharosthi character (no. 1-23). |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Punjab (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bactria | Modern countryModern country: India | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Hippostratus of Bactria (Indo-Greek king, c. 65-55 BC), Indo-Greek kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 70 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 55 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 9.20 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm
|
StandardStandard.: |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Bordeaux 20181Bordeaux 2018, p. 282-286, n° 1-23, 32-55, 59-111 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 58 | 68.24 | 58 | 44.96 | |
| 2 | 16 | 18.82 | 32 | 24.81 | |
| 3 | 5 | 5.88 | 15 | 11.63 | |
| 4 | 6 | 7.06 | 24 | 18.6 | |
| Total | 85 of 85 | 100 | 129 of 129 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 85 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 58 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 111 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 129 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.52 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.16 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.31 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 68.24 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 199.87 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 3,997,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 249.2 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00003 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 55.04% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 1,290.84 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 36,776 kg <br /> 36,776 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 3,227.1 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Bordeaux, Olivier (2018), s (IIIe s. a.C.-Ier s. p.C.), Numismatica Antiqua 8, Bordeaux, 326 p.
