S 884 - Punjab (uncertain mint) (Hippostratos), bronze, 8 units (monster/goddess) (70-55 BCE)
From SILVER
70 BCE - 55 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΣΩΤΗΡΟΣ ΙΠΠΟΣΤΡΑΤΟΥ (Greek).Triton facing, holding dolphin and paddle. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | Maharajasa tratarasa Hipustratasa (transcription from Kharoshthi).Godess left, wearing polos, holding paddle and holding hand. In field, monogram. |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Punjab (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bactria | Modern countryModern country: India | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Hippostratus of Bactria (Indo-Greek king, c. 65-55 BC), Indo-Greek kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 70 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 55 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 19.60 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | 8 units
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StandardStandard.: |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Ol. Bordeaux1Ol. Bordeaux, Les Grecs en Inde. Politiques et pratiques monétaires (IIIe s. a.C.-Ier s. p.C.), Numismatica Antiqua 8, Bordeaux, 2018 (catalogue p. 288, no. 144-160). | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 9 | 75 | 9 | 52.94 | |
| 2 | 1 | 8.33 | 2 | 11.76 | |
| 3 | 2 | 16.67 | 6 | 35.29 | |
| Total | 12 of 12 | 100 | 17 of 17 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 12 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 9 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 13 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 17 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.42 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.31 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.08 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 75 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 32.52 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 650,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 40.8 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00003 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 47.06% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 1,045.51 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 2,613.78 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Ol. Bordeaux
