S 893 - Panticapaeum, silver, diobol, 550-410 BC

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 9482


550 BCE - 410 BCE Silver 9,141 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Head of lion facing.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: ΠΑ (types IX-X) ; ΠAΝ (type XII) ; ΠAΝΤΙ (types XIII-XV, XVII-XVIII) ; ΑΠΟΛ (types XXXIV-XXXV) (Greek).
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Panticapaeum Ancient regionAncient region.: Bosporus Modern countryModern country: Russia (Crimea) AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 550 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 410 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Archaic and Classical
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 1.50 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: diobol Nomisma.org StandardStandard.:
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: N. Frolova1N. Frolova, Die frühe Münzprägung vom Kimmerischen Bosporos (Mitte 6. Bis Anfang 4. Jh.v.Chr.). Die Münzen der Städte Pantikapaion, Theodosia, Nymphaion und Phanagoria sowie der Sinder, Berlin, 2004 (p. 19-43, no. 51-79, 215-227, 230-252, 255-265, 298-310, 313-321, 324-332, 346-348, 355-380, 401-404, 409, 494-516, 540-542, types II2types II, VII, VIII, IX, X, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVII, XVIII, XXXIV, XXXV).
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 109 73.15 109 44.31
2 23 15.44 46 18.7
3 5 3.36 15 6.1
4 2 1.34 8 3.25
5 4 2.68 20 8.13
6 2 1.34 12 4.88
7 3 2.01 21 8.54
15 1 0.67 15 6.1
Total 149 of 149 99.99 246 of 246 100.01
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 149 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  109
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 150 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 246
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 1.65 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 1.64
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 1.01 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  73.15 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  304.71 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  6,094,200
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 377.88 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00004
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 55.69% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  1,614.65
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  9,141 kg <br /> 9,141 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  4,036.62
Remarks


References

  1. ^ N. Frolova 
  2. ^ types II