S 937 - Berytus / Laodicea in Phoenicia (Cleopatra and Antony), bronze (36-31 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 9460


36 BCE - 31 BCE Bronze

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: BACIΛICCAC KΛЄOΠATPAC (Greek).Draped bust of Cleopatra r.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: ETOYC KA TOY KAI ς ΘEAC NEωTEPAC (Greek).Bare head of M. Antonius r.
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Berytus / Laodicea in Phoenicia Ancient regionAncient region.: Phoenicia Modern countryModern country: Lebanon AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: Cleopatra VII Philopator (Ptolemaic queen, 51-30 BC), Marcus Antonius (Roman politician and general, member of the Second Triumvirate, 83-30 BC), Ptolemaic dynasty (323-30 BC)
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 36 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 31 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Bronze Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 9.00 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: StandardStandard.:
Image
S937 Berytus Cleopatra Antony.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Olivier - Aumaître 20171Olivier - Aumaître 2017, n° 50-56
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: RPC I2RPC I, n° 4771
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 1 50 1 14.29 1
6 1 50 6 85.71 2
Total 2 of 2 100 7 of 7 100
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 2 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  1
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 3 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 7
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 3.5 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 2.33
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 1.5 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  50 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  2.42 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  48,400
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 2.8 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00014
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 85.71% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  5,785.12
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  n.a. Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  14,462.81
Remarks

Most likely one single workstation

References

  1. ^  Olivier, Julien - Aumaître, Héloïse (2017), "Antoine, Cléopâtre et le Levant. Le témoignage des monnaies", in L. Bricault et alii (éd.), Rome et les provinces. Monnayage et histoire. Mélanges offerts à Michel Amandry, Bordeaux, p. 105-122
  2. ^  Amandry, Michel - Burnett, Andrew - Ripolles, Pere Pau (1998), Roman provincial coinage. I. From the death of Caesar to the death of Vitellius (44 BC-AC 69), London-Paris, 2 vol., xvii + 812 p., 195 pl.