Sidon (Mazday), silver, double shekels (353-333 BCE)

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 13669

353 BCE - 333 BCE Silver 25,185 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	Phoenician galley left, B, 10 (date), and traces of letters (all in Phoenician) above, waves below
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	MZDY above (Phoenician).King of Persia and driver in chariot drawn by three horses left, behind, King of Sidon standing left, in Egyptian dress, holding cultic scepter and votive vase

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Sidon

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Phoenicia

Modern countryModern country: Lebanon

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Mazday, Persian Empire

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

353 BCE

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

333 BCE

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical ^{480-323 BC}

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:

Silver

Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams

25.60

DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:

double shekel

StandardStandard.:

Phoenician

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Image

S2003 Sidon Mazday double shekels.jpg [1]

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	Elayi - Elayi 20041Elayi - Elayi 2004, p. 291-311, n° 1924-2021 (Group IV.6.1)
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:	Sear II2Sear II, n° 5946-5947, HGC 103HGC 10, n° 264
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:	https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/sidon.mazday.elayi.2014.iv.6.1

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Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ^ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	14	42.42	14	18.92	2, 7, 14, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31, 33
2	7	21.21	14	18.92	3, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 30
3	5	15.15	15	20.27	1, 13, 17, 21, 32
4	5	15.15	20	27.03	4, 6, 16, 24, 27
5	1	3.03	5	6.76	5
6	1	3.03	6	8.11	8
Total	33 of 33	99.99	74 of 74	100.01

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Reverse dies distribution

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Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	33	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ^ᵖ	14
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	44	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	74
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	2.24	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	1.68
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	1.33	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	42.42 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ^ᵖ	49.19	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ^ᵖ	983,800
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ^ᵖ (O)	59.56	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ^ᵖ	0.00008
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ^ᵖ (o = % of O)	81.08%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ^ᵖ	3,008.74
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ^ᵖ	25,185 kg <br /> 25,185 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ^ᵖ	7,521.85

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Remarks

Most likely one single workstation

References

^ Elayi, Josette - Elayi, Alain G. (2004), Le monnayage de la cité phénicienne de Sidon à l'époque perse (Ve-IVe s. av. J.-C.), Transeuphratène Suppl. 11, Paris, Gabalda, 2 v., 855 p., 77 pl.
^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2010), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 10. handbook of coins of the Southern Levant : Phoenicia, southern Koile Syria (including Judaea), and Arabia, Lancaster-London, lxxix, 201 p.