Syracuse, silver, tetradrachms (quadriga/Arethusa) (425-413 BCE) (Fischer-Bossert)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 8265


425 BCE - 413 BCE Silver 4,569 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Fast quadriga r., the standing driver holds the kentron in his r. hand, three of the for reins with his l. hand, the fourth rein dragging between the forelegs of the horses, the driver is crowned by Nike flying l., on the exergual line, signature ΕΥΑΙΝΕΤΟ in tiny letters, in exergue, broken wheel
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: ΣYPAKOΣION, ΣYPAKOΣIOΣ or ΣYPAKOΣIΩΝ (Greek).Head of Arethusa l., hair in ampyx and sphendone decorated with stars, wearing double-hooked earring and necklace, signature ΕΥΚΛΕΙ on the lower border of the sphendone, around, four dolphins
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Syracuse Ancient regionAncient region.: Sicily Modern countryModern country: Italy AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 425 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 413 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 17.10 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: tetradrachm Nomisma.org StandardStandard.: Attic
Image
S 1077 - Syracuse, silver, tetradrachm, 425-413 BC.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Fischer-Bossert 20171Fischer-Bossert 2017, p. 120-146 (O1-O14)
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: Tudeer 19132Tudeer 1913



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 1 7.14 1 0.18 3
10 1 7.14 10 1.78 4
11 1 7.14 11 1.95 6
18 1 7.14 18 3.2 5
29 2 14.29 58 10.3 7, 13
30 1 7.14 30 5.33 2+
34 1 7.14 34 6.04 1
38 1 7.14 38 6.75 8+
55 1 7.14 55 9.77 9
57 2 14.29 114 20.25 10, 11
89 1 7.14 89 15.81 12
105 1 7.14 105 18.65 14
Total 14 of 14 99.98 563 of 563 100.01
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 14 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  1
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 27 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 563
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 40.21 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 20.85
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 1.93 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  7.14 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  13.36 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  267,200
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 14.36 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00211
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 99.82% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  84,281.44
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  4,569 kg <br /> 4,569 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  210,703.59
Remarks


References

  1. ^  Fischer-Bossert, Wolfgang (2017), Coins, Artists, and Tyrants. Syracuse in the Time of the Peloponnesian War, Numismatic Studies 33, New York, The American Numismatic Society, 371 p., 27 pl., 30 cm.
  2. ^  Tudeer, Lauri O. Th. (1913), Die Tetradrachmenprägung von Syrakus in der Periode der Signierenden Künstler, Berlin, 292 p. : ill., VII pl. ; 24 cm.