Taras, silver, didrachms (450-415 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 7597


450 BCE - 415 BCE Silver 8,732 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: TAPAΣ (Greek).Dolphin rider l., with his r. hand outstretched, and an octopus in his l., beneath, a cockle-shell.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: Taras seated l., balancing a spindle on the back of his r. hand, an aryballos hangs from his l. wrist
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Taras Ancient regionAncient region.: Calabria Modern countryModern country: Italy AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 450 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 415 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 7.50 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: didrachm Nomisma.org StandardStandard.:
Image
AC 21 - Taras, silver, didrachm, 450-415 BC.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Fischer-Bossert 19991Fischer-Bossert 1999, groups 10-18 (varieties 134-284 : O70-O128 et R92-R216).
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: Sear I2Sear I, n° 329-331, RQEMAC3RQEMAC, n° 21, HN Italy4HN Italy, n° 844-848



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 8 13.56 8 0.89 72, 90, 100, 104, 105, 108, 115, 122
2 5 8.47 10 1.11 86, 87, 103, 112, 114
3 5 8.47 15 1.67 71, 93, 97, 102, 121
4 2 3.39 8 0.89 95, 96
5 2 3.39 10 1.11 92, 99
6 3 5.08 18 2.01 73, 74, 94
7 2 3.39 14 1.56 70, 76
8 1 1.69 8 0.89 75
10 1 1.69 10 1.11 107
12 1 1.69 12 1.34 80
13 1 1.69 13 1.45 91
14 1 1.69 14 1.56 84
15 3 5.08 45 5.02 79, 81, 109
16 3 5.08 48 5.35 82, 98, 128
17 1 1.69 17 1.9 88
18 1 1.69 18 2.01 110
19 1 1.69 19 2.12 89
20 1 1.69 20 2.23 85
21 2 3.39 42 4.68 78, 106
22 1 1.69 22 2.45 117
25 2 3.39 50 5.57 77, 126
26 1 1.69 26 2.9 111
27 1 1.69 27 3.01 119
30 1 1.69 30 3.34 120
32 1 1.69 32 3.57 118
35 1 1.69 35 3.9 83
42 1 1.69 42 4.68 124
43 2 3.39 86 9.59 116, 101
44 1 1.69 44 4.91 127
47 1 1.69 47 5.24 125
49 1 1.69 49 5.46 113
58 1 1.69 58 6.47 123
Total 59 of 59 99.88 897 of 897 99.99
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 59 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  8
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 125 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 897
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 15.2 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 7.18
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 2.12 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  13.56 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  58.21 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  1,164,200
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 63.15 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00077
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 99.11% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  30,819.45
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  8,732 kg <br /> 8,732 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  77,048.62
Remarks

Most likely one single workstation Likely military Obverse 101 is linked to differrent Groups (15, n° 204 and 18, n° 281-282)

References

  1. ^  Fischer-Bossert, Wolfgang (1999), Chronologie der Didrachmenprägung von Tarent, 510-280 v. Chr., Berlin, De Gruyter, xvii, 495 p., [84] pl.
  2. ^  Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
  3. ^  Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
  4. ^  Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.