Terina, silver, nomoi (nymph Terina/Nike) (480-356 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 11515


480 BCE - 356 BCE Silver 6,095 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: TEPINAIΩN (Greek).Head of the nymph Terina right
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: Nike seated left on plinth, resting one hand upon plinth and holding out the other hand upon which a small bird alights
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Terina Ancient regionAncient region.: Bruttium Modern countryModern country: Italy AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 480 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 356 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 7.60 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: nomos, stater Nomisma.org, didrachm Nomisma.org StandardStandard.:
Image
S1658 Terina stater.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Regling 19061Regling 1906
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: HN Italy2HN Italy, n° 2629, HGC 13HGC 1, n° 1756
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 3 7.5 3 0.64 G, NN, PP
2 4 10 8 1.69 B, Y, GG, KK
3 4 10 12 2.54 D, N, P, OO
4 2 5 8 1.69 A, Q
5 1 2.5 5 1.06 O
6 2 5 12 2.54 F, HH
7 1 2.5 7 1.48 II
8 1 2.5 8 1.69 K
9 1 2.5 9 1.91 C
10 2 5 20 4.24 E, DD
11 3 7.5 33 6.99 I, U, Z
12 2 5 24 5.08 W, EE
13 2 5 26 5.51 H, X
15 1 2.5 15 3.18 AA
16 1 2.5 16 3.39 LL
17 2 5 34 7.2 M, CC
18 1 2.5 18 3.81 BB
19 1 2.5 19 4.03 V
23 1 2.5 23 4.87 MM
27 1 2.5 27 5.72 T
29 1 2.5 29 6.14 FF
31 1 2.5 31 6.57 L
40 1 2.5 40 8.47 S
45 1 2.5 45 9.53 R
Total 40 of 40 100 472 of 472 99.97
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 40 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  3
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 65 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 472
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 11.8 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 7.26
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 1.63 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  7.5 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  40.1 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  802,000
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 43.7 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00059
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 99.36% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  23,541.15
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  6,095 kg <br /> 6,095 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  58,852.87
Remarks

Most likely two workstations

References

  1. ^  Regling, Kurt (1906), Terina, Winckelmannsfeste der Archaeologischen Gesellschaft 66, Berlin, 80 p., 3 pl.
  2. ^  Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.
  3. ^  Hoover, Oliver D. (2018), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 1. Handbook of Coins of Italy and Magna Graecia, Sixth to First Centuries BC., Lancaster-London, 2018, lxi, 527 pages, 23 cm