Velia, silver, didrachms (305/4-280 BCE)

From SILVER
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page : 8196


305 BCE - 280 BCE Silver 12,419 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Head of Athena right or left, wearing crested Attic helmet. Border of dots.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: YEΛITΩN (Greek).Lion standing to right, pentagram between Φ-I above
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Velia Ancient regionAncient region.: Lucania Modern countryModern country: Italy AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 305 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 280 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 7.50 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: didrachm Nomisma.org StandardStandard.:
Image
H 7 - Velia, silver, didrachm, 305-4-280 BC.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Williams 19921Williams 1992
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: Sear I2Sear I, n° 459-460, RQEMH3RQEMH, n° 7, HN Italy4HN Italy, n° 1306, HGC 15HGC 1, n° 1319



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution.  Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 2 2.38 2 243, 268
2 4 4.76 8 256, 258, 262, 292
3 2 2.38 6 242, 272
4 3 3.57 12 227, 259, 293
5 2 2.38 10 224, 245
6 2 2.38 12 247, 261
7 3 3.57 21 229, 237, 294
8 6 7.14 48 231, 239, 263, 270, 271, 291
9 5 5.95 45 209, 212, 222, 223, 248
10 4 4.76 40 198, 200, 218, 219
11 4 4.76 44 193, 208, 220, 251
12 5 5.95 60 213, 234, 249, 250, 255
13 1 1.19 13 290
14 1 1.19 14 264
15 2 2.38 30 206, 254
16 5 5.95 80 216, 228, 241, 260, 265
17 5 5.95 85 195, 215, 225, 230, 246
18 3 3.57 54 196, 226, 252
19 2 2.38 38 221, 253
21 1 1.19 21 199
22 1 1.19 22 244
23 2 2.38 46 214, 233
24 3 3.57 72 211, 236, 240
25 2 2.38 50 194, 207
28 3 3.57 84 203, 204, 257
29 1 1.19 29 210
30 2 2.38 60 217, 267
32 1 1.19 32 235
33 1 1.19 33 232
36 1 1.19 36 201
37 1 1.19 37 205
38 2 2.38 76 197, 269
39 1 1.19 39 238
43 1 1.19 43 266
Total 84 of 84 99.96 1302 of 1,302
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies.  (o) 84 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins.  2
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 118 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 1302
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 15.5 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 11.03
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 1.4 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1)  2.38 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983  82.79 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000.  1,655,800
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011  (O) 89.79 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000.  0.00079
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O)  (o = % of O) 99.85% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000.  31,453.07
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum)  12,419 kg <br /> 12,419 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000.  78,632.69
Remarks


References

  1. ^  Williams, Roderick T. (1992), The silver coinage of Velia, Royal Numismatic Society. Special publication. No. 25, London, xi, 152 p., 47 pl.
  2. ^  Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
  3. ^  Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
  4. ^  Rutter N. Keith et alii (eds.) (2001), Historia Numorum Italy, London, xvi, 223 p., 43 pl.
  5. ^  Hoover, Oliver D. (2018), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 1. Handbook of Coins of Italy and Magna Graecia, Sixth to First Centuries BC., Lancaster-London, 2018, lxi, 527 pages, 23 cm