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Velia, silver, drachms (440-400 BCE): Difference between revisions

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{{Die Study
{{Die Study
|Image=AC 14 - Velia, silver, drachma, 440-400 BC.jpg
|Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=1032105&AucID=2014&Lot=45
|Obverse description=Head of Athena right, wearing Corinthian helmet or head of Nymph left or right. Behind, letter.
|Obverse description=Head of Athena right, wearing Corinthian helmet or head of Nymph left or right. Behind, letter.
|Reverse legend=YEΛH
|Reverse legend=YEΛH
|Reverse legend language=Greek
|Reverse legend language=Greek
|Reverse description=Owl standing right on branch, head facing; Δ to inner right.
|Mint=Velia
|Mint=Velia
|Date from=440
|Ancient region=Lucania
|Date to=400
|Date from=440 BCE
|Date to=400 BCE
|Period=Classical
|Period=Classical
|Metal=Silver
|Metal=Silver
|Denomination=drachma
|Denomination=drachma
|Mode weight=4-9
|Median weight=4.05
|Die study reference=R. T. Williams, The Silver Coinage of Velia, RNS Spec. Publ. 25, Londres, 1992, Groupe III: variétés 129-131 et 170-208 (D88-D90 et D110-D127; R99-101 et R128-R161).
|RQEM reference=RQMAC
|RQEM reference=RQMAC
|RQEM reference number=14
|RQEM reference number=14
|Die study reference=Williams 1992, Groupe III: variétés 129-131 et 170-208 (D88-D90 et D110-D127, R99-101 et R128-R161).
|Coin series reference=Sear I, n° 452 and 457; RQEMAC, n° 14; HN Italy, n°N 1272; HGC 1, n° 1329
|Number of obverse dies=21
|Number of obverse dies=21
|Number of singletons=3
|Number of singletons=3
Line 22: Line 27:
|Number of dies=3
|Number of dies=3
|Die name=114,118,126
|Die name=114,118,126
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=2
|Number of dies=1
|Die name=127
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=3
|Number of dies=2
|Die name=88,121
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=4
|Number of dies=1
|Die name=112
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=5
|Number of dies=2
|Die name=89,125
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=6
|Number of dies=3
|Die name=90,111,122
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=9
|Number of dies=2
|Die name=116,124
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=10
|Number of dies=1
|Die name=119
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=11
|Number of dies=1
|Die name=113
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=12
|Number of dies=1
|Die name=115
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=13
|Number of dies=1
|Die name=120
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=18
|Number of dies=1
|Die name=123
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=28
|Number of dies=1
|Die name=110
}}
{{Distribution Item
|Frequency=34
|Number of dies=1
|Die name=117
}}
}}

Latest revision as of 05:04, 11 May 2023

Die Studies Database
SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ᵖ: 7516


440 BCE - 400 BCE Silver 1,746 kg

Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: Head of Athena right, wearing Corinthian helmet or head of Nymph left or right. Behind, letter.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: YEΛH (Greek).Owl standing right on branch, head facing, Δ to inner right.
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: Velia Ancient regionAncient region.: Lucania Modern countryModern country: Italy AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. 440 BCE toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. 400 BCE PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC Nomisma.org
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: Silver Nomisma.org Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams 4.05 DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: drachma Nomisma.org StandardStandard.:
Image
AC 14 - Velia, silver, drachma, 440-400 BC.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: Williams 19921Williams 1992, Groupe III: variétés 129-131 et 170-208 (D88-D90 et D110-D127, R99-101 et R128-R161).
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: Sear I2Sear I, n° 452 and 457, RQEMAC3RQEMAC, n° 14, HN Italy4HN Italy, n°N 1272, HGC 15HGC 1, n° 1329



Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) % (o) Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) % (n) Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1 3 14.29 3 1.6 114, 118, 126
2 1 4.76 2 1.07 127
3 2 9.52 6 3.21 88, 121
4 1 4.76 4 2.14 112
5 2 9.52 10 5.35 89, 125
6 3 14.29 18 9.63 90, 111, 122
9 2 9.52 18 9.63 116, 124
10 1 4.76 10 5.35 119
11 1 4.76 11 5.88 113
12 1 4.76 12 6.42 115
13 1 4.76 13 6.95 120
18 1 4.76 18 9.63 123
28 1 4.76 28 14.97 110
34 1 4.76 34 18.18 117
Total 21 of 21 99.98 187 of 187 100.01
Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available


Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) 21 Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ 3
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) 37 Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) 187
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) 8.9 Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) 5.05
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) 1.76 Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ 14.29 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ 21.55 Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ 431,000
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) 23.66 Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ 0.00043
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) 98.4% Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ 17,354.99
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ 1,746 kg <br /> 1,746 kg Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ 43,387.47
Remarks


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