Carthage, electrum, staters (310-290 BCE): Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 08:51, 18 May 2023

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 8794

310 BCE - 290 BCE Electrum 100,170 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	Head of Tanit to left, wearing wreath of grain ears, triple-pendant earring and elaborate necklace, to left, pellet
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	Horse standing right, below ground line, pellet

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Carthage

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Zeugitana

Modern countryModern country: Tunisia

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Carthaginian Empire

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

310 BCE

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

290 BCE

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic ^{323-30 BC}

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:

Electrum http://nomisma.org/id/el

Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams

7.50

DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:

stater

StandardStandard.:

Image

H326 Cartage stater .jpeg [1]

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	Jenkins - Lewis 19631Jenkins - Lewis 1963, (série V)
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:	Sear II2Sear II, n° 6462-6464, RQEMH3RQEMH, n° 326

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ^ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	21	48.84	21	23.08	251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 271, 272, 273, 275, 276, 277, 278, 283, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 301
2	10	23.26	20	21.98	247, 248, 249, 250, 257, 265, 269, 302, 304, 306
3	6	13.95	18	19.78	258, 260, 262, 290, 298, 300
4	3	6.98	12	13.19	267, 274, 281
5	1	2.33	5	5.49	245
7	1	2.33	7	7.69	286
8	1	2.33	8	8.79	279
Total	43 of 43	100.02	91 of 91	100

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ^ᵖ (o)	43	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ^ᵖ	21
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	57	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	91
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	2.12	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	1.6
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	1.33	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ^ᵖ	48.84 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ^ᵖ	66.78	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ^ᵖ	1,335,600
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ^ᵖ (O)	81.52	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ^ᵖ	0.00007
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ^ᵖ (o = % of O)	76.92%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ^ᵖ	2,725.37
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ^ᵖ	100,170 kg <br /> 100,170 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ^ᵖ	6,813.42

Remarks

Likely military

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Die Study
+|Image=H326 Cartage stater .jpeg
+|Image reference=https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=10323162
+|Obverse description=Head of Tanit to left, wearing wreath of grain ears, triple-pendant earring and elaborate necklace; to left, pellet
+|Reverse description=Horse standing right; below ground line, pellet
 |Mint=Carthage
+|Ancient region=Zeugitana
 |Authority=Carthaginian Empire
-|Date from=310
+|Date from=310 BCE
-|Date to=290
+|Date to=290 BCE
 |Period=Hellenistic
 |Metal=Electrum
 |Denomination=stater
-|Mode weight=7,40-59
+|Median weight=7.50
-|Die study reference=G. K. Jenkins et R. B. Lewis, Carthaginian Gold and Electrum Coins, RNS 2, Londres, 1963 (série V).
 |RQEM reference=RQEMH
 |RQEM reference number=326
+|Die study reference=Jenkins - Lewis 1963, (série V)
+|Coin series reference=Sear II, n° 6462-6464; RQEMH, n° 326
 |Number of obverse dies=43
 |Number of singletons=21
 |Number of reverse dies=57
 |Number of coins=91
+|Purpose=Likely military
 }}
 {{Distribution Item
 |Frequency=1
 |Number of dies=21
+|Die name=251,252,253,254,255,256,271,272,273,275,276,277,278,283,292,293,294,295,296,297,301
 }}
 {{Distribution Item
 |Frequency=2
 |Number of dies=10
+|Die name=247,248,249,250,257,265,269,302,304,306
+}}
+{{Distribution Item
+|Frequency=3
+|Number of dies=6
+|Die name=258,260,262,290,298,300
+}}
+{{Distribution Item
+|Frequency=4
+|Number of dies=3
+|Die name=267,274,281
+}}
+{{Distribution Item
+|Frequency=5
+|Number of dies=1
+|Die name=245
+}}
+{{Distribution Item
+|Frequency=7
+|Number of dies=1
+|Die name=286
+}}
+{{Distribution Item
+|Frequency=8
+|Number of dies=1
+|Die name=279
 }}