Velia, silver, drachms (535-465 BCE)

Die Studies Database

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 7648

535 - 465 Silver 5,004 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Velia

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Lucania

Modern countryModern country: Italy

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

535

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

465

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Archaic and Classical

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:	Silver	DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:	drachma	StandardStandard.:
Mode weightMode of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams).:	3,8<ul><li>No units of measurement were declared for this property.</li> <!--br--><li>",8" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.</li></ul>

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	R. T. Williams1R. T. Williams, The Silver Coinage of Velia, RNS Spec. Publ. 25, Londres, 1992, Groupe I: variétés 1-69 (D1-D52 et R1-R48).
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	28	53.85	28	17.83	3, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 34, 35, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52
2	12	23.08	24	15.29	4, 11, 13, 14, 15, 22, 26, 32, 33, 36, 39, 43
3	3	5.77	9	5.73	12, 18, 29
5	3	5.77	15	9.55	6, 7, 9
6	1	1.92	6	3.82	8
7	1	1.92	7	4.46	16
8	1	1.92	8	5.1	2
9	1	1.92	9	5.73	5
16	1	1.92	16	10.19	10
35	1	1.92	35	22.29	20
Total	52 of 52	99.99	157 of 157	99.99

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	52	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ	28
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	48	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	157
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	3.02	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	3.27
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	0.92	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ	53.85 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ	65.84	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ	1,316,800
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O)	77.75	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ	0.00012
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O)	82.17%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ	4,769.14
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ	0 kg <br /> 5,004 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ	11,922.84

Remarks