Camarina, silver, litrae (410-405 BCE)
From SILVER
415 - 405 Silver 120 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Several types: 1) Head of nymph Camarina left, wearing sphendone (d1–d4), 2) Head of Athena left, wearing helmet (d5-d6). Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Camarina | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Sicily | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 415 | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 405 | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC 
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Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
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DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | litra
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StandardStandard.: | |
| Mode weightMode of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams).: | 0,8-9<ul><li>No units of measurement were declared for this property.</li> <!--br--><li>",8-9" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.</li></ul> |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | U. Westermark et G. K. Jenkins1U. Westermark et G. K. Jenkins, The Coinage of Kamarina, RNS 9, Londres, 1980, n° 170-175A. | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 3 | 50 | 3 | 13.04 | 2, 4, 6 |
| 3 | 2 | 33.33 | 6 | 26.09 | 3, 5 |
| 14 | 1 | 16.67 | 14 | 60.87 | 1 |
| Total | 6 of 6 | 100 | 23 of 23 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 6 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 3 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 6 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 23 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.83 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 3.83 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 50 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 7.07 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 141,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 8.12 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00016 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 86.96% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 6,506.36 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 0 kg <br /> 120 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 16,265.91 |
Remarks
References
- ^ U. Westermark et G. K. Jenkins
