Syracuse, gold, 100 litrai (Arethusa/Heracles) (405-400 BCE)

Die Studies Database

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 7718

404 - 404 Gold 30,427 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	ΣYPAKOΣIΩN (Greek).
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Syracuse

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Sicily

Modern countryModern country: Italy

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

404

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

404

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:	Gold	DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:	100 litrai	StandardStandard.:
Mode weightMode of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams).:	5,76-80<ul><li>No units of measurement were declared for this property.</li> <!--br--><li>",76-80" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.</li></ul>

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	D. Berend1D. Berend, "Le monnayage d’or de syracuse sous Denys I", dans La monetazione dell’età dionigiana, Atti dell’VIII convegno del Centro Internazionale di Studi Numismatici, Napoli 29 maggio- 1 giugno 1983, Rome, 1993, p. 91-143, pl. 4-11.
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	6	23.08	6	2.13	3, 9, 12, 19, 21, 26
2	2	7.69	4	1.42	14, 18
3	1	3.85	3	1.06	6
4	2	7.69	8	2.84	4, 16
5	1	3.85	5	1.77	5
7	2	7.69	14	4.96	10, 20
8	1	3.85	8	2.84	23
9	2	7.69	18	6.38	2, 7
11	1	3.85	11	3.9	25
13	1	3.85	13	4.61	1
16	1	3.85	16	5.67	17
17	2	7.69	34	12.06	8, 24
29	1	3.85	29	10.28	22
34	1	3.85	34	12.06	13
37	1	3.85	37	13.12	11
42	1	3.85	42	14.89	15
Total	26 of 26	100.03	282 of 282	99.99

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	26	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ	6
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	23	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	282
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	10.85	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	12.26
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	0.88	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ	23.08 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ	26.23	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ	524,600
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O)	28.64	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ	0.00054
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O)	97.87%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ	21,502.1
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ	0 kg <br /> 30,427 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ	53,755.24

Remarks