S 1262 - Bactria (uncertain mint) (Euthydemus II), bronze, 2 units (180 BCE)

Die Studies Database

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 8388

Cupro-nickel;Bronze 13,502 kg

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:	Head of Apollo right, wearing laurel wreath. Border of dots.
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:	ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΕΥΘΥΔΗΜΟΥ (Greek).Tripod. In left field, monogram.

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Unknown mint

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Modern countryModern country:

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Euthydemus II (Indo-Greek king, c. 180 BC)

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.:

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:	Cupro-nickel http://nomisma.org/id/cupro-nickel, Bronze	DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:	2 units	StandardStandard.:
Average weightAverage of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams).:
Range of weightsRange of the actual weights of a numismatic object (in grams).:	5.79-8.46

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	S. Glenn1S. Glenn, Money and Power in Hellenistic Bactria: Euthydemus I to Antimachus I, New York, 2020, p. 303-306, no. 1-48.
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	22	66.67	22	45.83	O6, O7, O8, O9, O10, O11, O12, O13, O14, O15, O16, O17, O18, O19, O25, O26, O27, O28, O30, O31, O32, O33
2	8	24.24	16	33.33	O2, O3, O4, O5, O20, O21, O22, O29
3	2	6.06	6	12.5	O23, O24
4	1	3.03	4	8.33	O1
Total	33 of 33	100	48 of 48	99.99

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	33	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ	22
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	47	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	48
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	1.45	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	1.02
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	1.42	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ	66.67 %
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ	84.39	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ	1,687,800
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O)	105.6	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ	0.00003
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O)	54.17%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ	1,137.58
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ	0 kg <br /> 13,502 kg	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ	2,843.94

Remarks