S 742 - Ekkarra, bronze (Zeus/Artemis) (325-320 BCE)
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
− | |Reverse legend= | + | |Image=S742 Ekkarra.jpg |
+ | |Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=2120420&AucID=5069&Lot=69 | ||
+ | |Obverse description=Laureate head of Zeus to left | ||
+ | |Reverse legend=EKKAPPEΩΝ, EKKAPPEI or EKKAP | ||
|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
− | |Mint= | + | |Reverse description=Artemis standing to left, holding spear |
− | |Date from= | + | |Mint=Ekkarra |
− | |Date to= | + | |Ancient region=Thessaly |
+ | |Date from=325 BCE | ||
+ | |Date to=320 BCE | ||
|Period=Classical and Hellenistic | |Period=Classical and Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Bronze | |Metal=Bronze | ||
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|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=742 | |RQEM reference number=742 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Liampi 1998 | ||
+ | |Coin series reference=Sear I, n° 2079; HGC 4, n° 1 | ||
+ | |Coin series web reference=https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/eccarra.liampi.1998.1-52 | ||
|Number of obverse dies=16 | |Number of obverse dies=16 | ||
|Number of singletons=1 | |Number of singletons=1 | ||
|Number of reverse dies=27 | |Number of reverse dies=27 | ||
|Number of coins=205 | |Number of coins=205 | ||
+ | |Workstation=Most likely two workstations | ||
+ | |Remarks=For the die-links, see chart p. 433 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=15 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=2 | |Frequency=2 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=4 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=3 | |Frequency=3 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=16 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=5 | |Frequency=5 | ||
|Number of dies=2 | |Number of dies=2 | ||
+ | |Die name=9,10 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=6 | |Frequency=6 | ||
|Number of dies=4 | |Number of dies=4 | ||
+ | |Die name=5,6,8,14 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
− | |Frequency= | + | |Frequency=12 |
− | |Number of dies= | + | |Number of dies=2 |
+ | |Die name=12 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
− | |Frequency= | + | |Frequency=13 |
− | |Number of dies= | + | |Number of dies=1 |
+ | |Die name=13 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=17 | |Frequency=17 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=7 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=23 | |Frequency=23 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=11 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=26 | |Frequency=26 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=2 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=30 | |Frequency=30 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=3 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=45 | |Frequency=45 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=1 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 14:19, 11 February 2023
325 BCE - 320 BCE Bronze
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Laureate head of Zeus to left |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | EKKAPPEΩΝ, EKKAPPEI or EKKAP (Greek).Artemis standing to left, holding spear |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Ekkarra | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Thessaly | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 325 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 320 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical and Hellenistic |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze ![]() |
DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | StandardStandard.: |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/b/b0/S742_Ekkarra.jpg)
S742 Ekkarra.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Liampi 19981Liampi 1998 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear I2Sear I, n° 2079, HGC 43HGC 4, n° 1 | ||
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 1 | 6.25 | 1 | 0.49 | 15 |
2 | 1 | 6.25 | 2 | 0.98 | 4 |
3 | 1 | 6.25 | 3 | 1.46 | 16 |
5 | 2 | 12.5 | 10 | 4.88 | 9, 10 |
6 | 4 | 25 | 24 | 11.71 | 5, 6, 8, 14 |
12 | 2 | 12.5 | 24 | 11.71 | 12 |
13 | 1 | 6.25 | 13 | 6.34 | 13 |
17 | 1 | 6.25 | 17 | 8.29 | 7 |
23 | 1 | 6.25 | 23 | 11.22 | 11 |
26 | 1 | 6.25 | 26 | 12.68 | 2 |
30 | 1 | 6.25 | 30 | 14.63 | 3 |
45 | 1 | 6.25 | 45 | 21.95 | 1 |
Total | 17 of 16 | 106.25 | 218 of 205 | 106.34 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 16 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 1 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 27 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 205 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 12.81 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 7.59 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.69 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 6.25 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 15.95 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 319,000 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 17.35 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00064 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 99.51% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 25,705.33 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 64,263.32 |
Remarks
Most likely two workstations For the die-links, see chart p. 433
References
- ^ Liampi, Katerini (1998), "Ekkarra, eine Stadt der Achaia Phtiotis: Ihre Lage nach den numismatischen Zeugnissen", in U. Peter (ed.), Stephanos nomismatikos. Edit Schönert-Geiss zum 65. Geburtstag, Berlin, p. 417-439.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1978), Greek coins and their values. Vol. I, Europe, London, xl, 316 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2014), Handbook of Greek Coinage Series 4. Northern and Central Greece : Achaia Phthiotis, Ainis, Magnesia, Malis, Oita, Perrhaibia, Thessaly, Akarnania, Aitolia, Lokris, Phokis, Boiotia, Euboia, Attica, Megaris and Corinthia, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, lxxi, 563 p.