S 270 - Laodiceia ad Mare, silver, tetradrachms (78/7-62/1 BCE)
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=S270 Laodiceia tetradrachm.jpg | ||
+ | |Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=2084630&AucID=4959&Lot=463 | ||
+ | |Obverse description=Veiled, draped, and turreted bust of Tyche right | ||
|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
+ | |Reverse description=Zeus Nikephoros seated left; ΔK (date) to inner left; monogram below throne, KA in exergue; all within wreath. Mørkholm, Autonomous 14a (obv. die 22) | ||
|Mint=Laodiceia ad Mare | |Mint=Laodiceia ad Mare | ||
− | |Date from=78 | + | |Ancient region=Syria |
− | |Date to= | + | |Date from=78 BCE |
+ | |Date to=61 BCE | ||
|Period=Hellenistic | |Period=Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Silver | |Metal=Silver | ||
|Denomination=tetradrachm | |Denomination=tetradrachm | ||
− | | | + | |Standard=Attic |
− | | | + | |Median weight=15.00 |
|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=270 | |RQEM reference number=270 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Callataÿ 2002, p. 77-80. | ||
+ | |Coin series reference=Sear II, n° 5874; HGC 9, n° 1398 | ||
|Number of obverse dies=15 | |Number of obverse dies=15 | ||
|Number of singletons=5 | |Number of singletons=5 | ||
|Number of reverse dies=45 | |Number of reverse dies=45 | ||
− | |Number of coins= | + | |Number of coins=91 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
|Number of dies=5 | |Number of dies=5 | ||
+ | |Die name=1,3,4,5,15 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=2 | |Frequency=2 | ||
|Number of dies=3 | |Number of dies=3 | ||
+ | |Die name=6,9,10 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=3 | |Frequency=3 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=7 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=4 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=14 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=6 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=2 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=9 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=13 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=13 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=12 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=21 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=8 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=24 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=11 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 08:16, 15 February 2023
78 BCE - 61 BCE Silver 4,839 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Veiled, draped, and turreted bust of Tyche right |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | (Greek).Zeus Nikephoros seated left, ΔK (date) to inner left, monogram below throne, KA in exergue, all within wreath. Mørkholm, Autonomous 14a (obv. die 22) |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Laodiceia ad Mare | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Syria | Modern countryModern country: Syria | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 78 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 61 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 15.00 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm ![]() |
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/3/30/S270_Laodiceia_tetradrachm.jpg)
S270 Laodiceia tetradrachm.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Callataÿ 20021Callataÿ 2002, p. 77-80. | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 5874, HGC 93HGC 9, n° 1398 |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 5 | 33.33 | 5 | 5.49 | 1, 3, 4, 5, 15 |
2 | 3 | 20 | 6 | 6.59 | 6, 9, 10 |
3 | 1 | 6.67 | 3 | 3.3 | 7 |
4 | 1 | 6.67 | 4 | 4.4 | 14 |
6 | 1 | 6.67 | 6 | 6.59 | 2 |
9 | 1 | 6.67 | 9 | 9.89 | 13 |
13 | 1 | 6.67 | 13 | 14.29 | 12 |
21 | 1 | 6.67 | 21 | 23.08 | 8 |
24 | 1 | 6.67 | 24 | 26.37 | 11 |
Total | 15 of 15 | 100.02 | 91 of 91 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 15 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 5 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 45 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 91 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 6.07 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.02 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 3 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33.33 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 16.13 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 322,600 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 17.96 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00028 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 94.51% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 11,283.32 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 4,839 kg <br /> 4,839 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 28,208.31 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Fr. de Callataÿ, "La production des tétradrachmes civiques de la Cilicie jusqu’à la Palestine à la fin du IIe et dans la première moitié du Ier s. av. J.-C. (Elaiussa Sébasté, Aigeai, Séleucie-de-Piérie, Laodicée, Arados, Tripolis, Sidon, Tyr, Ascalon)", in Chr. Augé et Fr. Duyrat (ed.), Les monnayages syriens. Quel apport pour l’histoire du Proche-Orient hellénistique et romain ?, Bibliothèque archéologique et historique 162, IFAPO Beyrouth, Beirut, p. 77-80.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2009), Handbook of ancient Syrian coins : royal and civic issues, fourth to first centuries BC, The Handbook of Greek Coinage 9, Lancaster, lxix, 332 p.