S 865 - Bactria (uncertain mint) (Euthydemus I), bronze, units (235-198 BCE) Bordeaux
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|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
|Reverse description=Horse galopping right. (In field, a monogram). | |Reverse description=Horse galopping right. (In field, a monogram). | ||
| − | |Mint= | + | |Mint=Bactria (uncertain mint) |
| − | |Authority=Euthydemus I of Bactria (satrap of Sogdiana and | + | |Ancient region=Bactria |
| − | |Date from=235 | + | |Authority=Euthydemus I of Bactria (satrap of Sogdiana and Greco-Bactrian king, c. 230-c. 200 BC); Bactrian kingdom |
| − | |Date to=198 | + | |Date from=235 BCE |
| + | |Date to=198 BCE | ||
|Period=Hellenistic | |Period=Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Bronze | |Metal=Bronze | ||
|Denomination=unit | |Denomination=unit | ||
| − | | | + | |Median weight=4.20 |
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|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=865 | |RQEM reference number=865 | ||
| + | |Die study reference=Bordeaux 2018, p. 196-199, n° 602-608, 624, 636-638, 654 | ||
|Number of obverse dies=11 | |Number of obverse dies=11 | ||
|Number of singletons=9 | |Number of singletons=9 | ||
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|Frequency=2 | |Frequency=2 | ||
|Number of dies=2 | |Number of dies=2 | ||
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Revision as of 17:03, 11 March 2023
235 BCE - 198 BCE Bronze
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Heracles right. Border of dots. |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΕΥΘΥΔΗΜΟΥ (Greek).Horse galopping right. (In field, a monogram). |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Bactria (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bactria | Modern countryModern country: Afghanistan | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Euthydemus I of Bactria (satrap of Sogdiana and Greco-Bactrian king, c. 230-c. 200 BC), Bactrian kingdom |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 235 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 198 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 4.20 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | unit
|
StandardStandard.: |
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Bordeaux 20181Bordeaux 2018, p. 196-199, n° 602-608, 624, 636-638, 654 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | |||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 9 | 81.82 | 9 | 69.23 | |
| 2 | 2 | 18.18 | 4 | 30.77 | |
| Total | 11 of 11 | 100 | 13 of 13 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 11 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 9 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 12 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 13 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.18 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.08 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.09 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 81.82 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 54.68 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,093,600 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 71.5 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00001 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 30.77% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 475.49 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 1,188.73 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Bordeaux, Olivier (2018), s (IIIe s. a.C.-Ier s. p.C.), Numismatica Antiqua 8, Bordeaux, 326 p.
