S 1361 - Ecbatana (Phraates III), silver, drachms (70-57 BCE)
From SILVER
(Distribution6) |
|||
(6 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
− | |Obverse description= | + | |Image=S1361 Ecbatana Phraates III drachms.jpg |
+ | |Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=2181609&AucID=5237&Lot=397 | ||
+ | |Obverse description=Diademed facing bust of Phraates III, with mustache and short beard, wearing torque with central medallion and elaborate robes | ||
|Reverse legend=ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ | |Reverse legend=ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ | ||
|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
− | |Reverse description= | + | |Reverse description=Parthian archer (Arsakes I) seated to right, holding bow; below bow, monogram of AΓ. |
|Mint=Ecbatana | |Mint=Ecbatana | ||
− | |Authority=Phraates III (king of the Parthian Empire, 70-57 BC) | + | |Ancient region=Media |
− | |Date from=70 | + | |Authority=Phraates III (king of the Parthian Empire, 70-57 BC); Parthian Empire |
− | |Date to=57 | + | |Date from=70 BCE |
+ | |Date to=57 BCE | ||
|Period=Hellenistic | |Period=Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Silver | |Metal=Silver | ||
|Denomination=drachm | |Denomination=drachm | ||
− | | | + | |Median weight=3.70 |
|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=1361 | |RQEM reference number=1361 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Boillet 2009, p. 296-302, n° 1403-1451 | ||
+ | |Coin series reference=Sellwood 1980, n° 35.1 (var.) | ||
|Number of obverse dies=19 | |Number of obverse dies=19 | ||
|Number of singletons=8 | |Number of singletons=8 | ||
+ | |Number of reverse dies=31 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=48 | ||
|Number of unidentified obverse dies=1 | |Number of unidentified obverse dies=1 | ||
− | |||
|Number of unidentified reverse dies=2 | |Number of unidentified reverse dies=2 | ||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
|Number of dies=8 | |Number of dies=8 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=2,5,7,8,9,10,14,16 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=2 | |Frequency=2 | ||
|Number of dies=2 | |Number of dies=2 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=11,17 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=3 | |Frequency=3 | ||
|Number of dies=3 | |Number of dies=3 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=3,13,18 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=4 | |Frequency=4 | ||
|Number of dies=4 | |Number of dies=4 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=4,6,12,19 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=5 | |Frequency=5 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=15 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=6 | |Frequency=6 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=1 |
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Reverse Item | ||
+ | |Die name=R1,R2,R3,R4,R5,R6,R7,R8,R9,R10,R11,R12,R13,R14,R15,R16,R17,R18,R19,R20,R21,R22,R23,R24,R25,R26,R27,R28,R29,R30,R31 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 07:33, 9 April 2023
70 BCE - 57 BCE Silver 1,948 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed facing bust of Phraates III, with mustache and short beard, wearing torque with central medallion and elaborate robes |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ ΑΡΣΑΚΟΥ ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ (Greek).Parthian archer (Arsakes I) seated to right, holding bow, below bow, monogram of AΓ. |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Ecbatana | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Media | Modern countryModern country: Iran | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Phraates III (king of the Parthian Empire, 70-57 BC), Parthian Empire |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 70 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 57 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachm | StandardStandard.: |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/b/b3/S1361_Ecbatana_Phraates_III_drachms.jpg)
S1361 Ecbatana Phraates III drachms.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Boillet 20091Boillet 2009, p. 296-302, n° 1403-1451 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sellwood 19802Sellwood 1980, n° 35.1 (var.) |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 8 | 42.11 | 8 | 16.67 | 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 16 |
2 | 2 | 10.53 | 4 | 8.33 | 11, 17 |
3 | 3 | 15.79 | 9 | 18.75 | 3, 13, 18 |
4 | 4 | 21.05 | 16 | 33.33 | 4, 6, 12, 19 |
5 | 1 | 5.26 | 5 | 10.42 | 15 |
6 | 1 | 5.26 | 6 | 12.5 | 1 |
Total | 19 of 19 | 100 | 48 of 48 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 19 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 8 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 31 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 48 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.53 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.55 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.63 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 42.11 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 26.32 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 526,400 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 31.45 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00009 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 83.33% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 3,647.42 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,948 kg <br /> 1,948 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 9,118.54 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Boillet, Pierre-Yves (2009), Ecbatane et la Médie d’Alexandre aux Arsacides (c. 331 a.C. - c. 224 p.C.). Histoire monétaire et économique, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Bordeaux University.
- ^ Sellwood, David (1980), An introduction to the coinage of Parthia, 2nd ed., London, Spink & Son, 322 p., 10 pl.