S 1373 - Ecbatana (Phraates V), silver, drachms (2 BCE-4 CE)
From SILVER
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=S1373 Ecbatana Phraates IV Musa.jpg | ||
+ | |Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=2175645&AucID=5227&Lot=1111 | ||
|Obverse description=Bust of the king left, wearing diadem, crowned by one or two Nike(s). Border of dots. | |Obverse description=Bust of the king left, wearing diadem, crowned by one or two Nike(s). Border of dots. | ||
|Reverse legend=ΜΟΥΣΗΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ ΘΕΑΣ ΟΥΡΑΝΙΑΣ | |Reverse legend=ΜΟΥΣΗΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ ΘΕΑΣ ΟΥΡΑΝΙΑΣ | ||
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|Reverse description=Bust of the queen Musa to left, wearing tiara. In the left field, A. | |Reverse description=Bust of the queen Musa to left, wearing tiara. In the left field, A. | ||
|Mint=Ecbatana | |Mint=Ecbatana | ||
− | |Authority=Phraates V (king of the Parthian Empire, 2 BC-4 AD) ; Musa/Thermusa (queen of the Parthian Empire, 2 BC-4 AD) | + | |Ancient region=Media |
− | |Date from=2 | + | |Authority=Parthian Empire; Phraates V (king of the Parthian Empire, 2 BC-4 AD); Musa/Thermusa (queen of the Parthian Empire, 2 BC-4 AD) |
− | |Date to=4 | + | |Date from=2 BCE |
+ | |Date to=4 CE | ||
|Period=Roman | |Period=Roman | ||
|Metal=Silver | |Metal=Silver | ||
|Denomination=drachm | |Denomination=drachm | ||
− | | | + | |Median weight=3.70 |
|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=1373 | |RQEM reference number=1373 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Boillet 2009, p. 523-533, n° 3461-3568 | ||
+ | |Coin series reference=Sellwood 1980, n° 58.9 | ||
+ | |Coin series web reference=https://www.parthia.com/phraataces.htm | ||
|Number of obverse dies=27 | |Number of obverse dies=27 | ||
|Number of singletons=12 | |Number of singletons=12 | ||
+ | |Number of reverse dies=43 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=107 | ||
|Number of unidentified obverse dies=1 | |Number of unidentified obverse dies=1 | ||
− | |||
|Number of unidentified reverse dies=2 | |Number of unidentified reverse dies=2 | ||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
|Number of dies=12 | |Number of dies=12 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=11,31,35,36,37,38,40,41,42,43,44,45 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=2 | |Frequency=2 | ||
|Number of dies=2 | |Number of dies=2 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=28,39 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=3 | |Frequency=3 | ||
|Number of dies=2 | |Number of dies=2 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=9,24 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=4 | |Frequency=4 | ||
|Number of dies=3 | |Number of dies=3 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=4,25,32 |
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=5 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=21 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=6 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=2 | ||
+ | |Die name=30,33 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=8 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=26 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=10 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=2 | ||
+ | |Die name=27,29 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=12 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=19 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=16 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=5 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Reverse Item | ||
+ | |Die name=R1,R2,R3,R4,R5,R6,R7,R8,R9,R10,R11,R12,R13,R14,R15,R16,R17,R18,R19,R20,R21,R22,R23,R24,R25,R26,R27,R28,R29,R30,R31,R32,R33,R34,R35,R36,R37,R38,R39,R40,R41,R42,R43 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 09:41, 9 April 2023
2 BCE - 4 CE Silver 2,333 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Bust of the king left, wearing diadem, crowned by one or two Nike(s). Border of dots. |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΜΟΥΣΗΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ ΘΕΑΣ ΟΥΡΑΝΙΑΣ (Greek).Bust of the queen Musa to left, wearing tiara. In the left field, A. |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Ecbatana | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Media | Modern countryModern country: Iran | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Parthian Empire, Phraates V (king of the Parthian Empire, 2 BC-4 AD), Musa/Thermusa (queen of the Parthian Empire, 2 BC-4 AD) |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 2 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 4 CE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachm | StandardStandard.: |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/8/8b/S1373_Ecbatana_Phraates_IV_Musa.jpg)
S1373 Ecbatana Phraates IV Musa.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Boillet 20091Boillet 2009, p. 523-533, n° 3461-3568 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sellwood 19802Sellwood 1980, n° 58.9 | ||
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 12 | 44.44 | 12 | 11.21 | 11, 31, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 |
2 | 2 | 7.41 | 4 | 3.74 | 28, 39 |
3 | 2 | 7.41 | 6 | 5.61 | 9, 24 |
4 | 3 | 11.11 | 12 | 11.21 | 4, 25, 32 |
5 | 1 | 3.7 | 5 | 4.67 | 21 |
6 | 2 | 7.41 | 12 | 11.21 | 30, 33 |
8 | 1 | 3.7 | 8 | 7.48 | 26 |
10 | 2 | 7.41 | 20 | 18.69 | 27, 29 |
12 | 1 | 3.7 | 12 | 11.21 | 19 |
16 | 1 | 3.7 | 16 | 14.95 | 5 |
Total | 27 of 27 | 99.99 | 107 of 107 | 99.98 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 27 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 12 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 43 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 107 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.96 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.49 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.59 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 44.44 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 31.53 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 630,600 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 36.11 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00017 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 88.79% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 6,787.19 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 2,333 kg <br /> 2,333 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 16,967.97 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Boillet, Pierre-Yves (2009), Ecbatane et la Médie d’Alexandre aux Arsacides (c. 331 a.C. - c. 224 p.C.). Histoire monétaire et économique, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Bordeaux University.
- ^ Sellwood, David (1980), An introduction to the coinage of Parthia, 2nd ed., London, Spink & Son, 322 p., 10 pl.