S 100 - Artaxata (Artaxias II), silver, drachms (34-20 BCE)
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
− | |Obverse description= | + | |Image=S100 Artaxata Artaxias drachms.jpg |
+ | |Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=373224&AucID=676&Lot=33 | ||
+ | |Obverse description=Draped bust right, wearing earring and five-pointed Armenian tiara decorated with comet star; all within laurel wreath | ||
|Reverse legend=ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ APTAΞEPΞEΩ ΘEIOY | |Reverse legend=ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ APTAΞEPΞEΩ ΘEIOY | ||
|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
|Reverse description=Type 1 : Athena to left, wearing a helmet, holding a spear in the right hand and a round shield attached to theleft arm. In the right field, IΔ (dat ?). At the exergue, a monogram.All within a linear circle. Type 2 : Nike to right, wearing a long tunic, holding a wreath and a palm. In the right field, IΔ (date?). At the exergue, a monogram. | |Reverse description=Type 1 : Athena to left, wearing a helmet, holding a spear in the right hand and a round shield attached to theleft arm. In the right field, IΔ (dat ?). At the exergue, a monogram.All within a linear circle. Type 2 : Nike to right, wearing a long tunic, holding a wreath and a palm. In the right field, IΔ (date?). At the exergue, a monogram. | ||
− | |Authority=Artaxias II of Armenia (Artaxiad king, 34-20 BC) | + | |Mint=Artaxata |
− | |Date from=34 | + | |Ancient region=Armenia |
− | |Date to=20 | + | |Authority=Artaxias II of Armenia (Artaxiad king, 34-20 BC); Armenian kingdom |
+ | |Date from=34 BCE | ||
+ | |Date to=20 BCE | ||
|Period=Roman | |Period=Roman | ||
|Metal=Silver | |Metal=Silver | ||
|Denomination=drachma | |Denomination=drachma | ||
− | | | + | |Standard=Attic |
− | | | + | |Median weight=3.60 |
|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=100 | |RQEM reference number=100 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Nercessian 2006, p. 112-113 | ||
|Number of obverse dies=2 | |Number of obverse dies=2 | ||
|Number of singletons=1 | |Number of singletons=1 | ||
+ | |Number of reverse dies=4 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=4 | ||
+ | |Workstation=Most likely one single workstation | ||
|Number of unidentified obverse dies=0 | |Number of unidentified obverse dies=0 | ||
− | |||
|Number of unidentified reverse dies=0 | |Number of unidentified reverse dies=0 | ||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=1 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=3 | |Frequency=3 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=2 |
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}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Reverse Item | {{Distribution Reverse Item | ||
|Die name=p1,p2,p3,p4 | |Die name=p1,p2,p3,p4 | ||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 22:14, 24 April 2023
34 BCE - 20 BCE Silver 234 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Draped bust right, wearing earring and five-pointed Armenian tiara decorated with comet star, all within laurel wreath |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ APTAΞEPΞEΩ ΘEIOY (Greek).Type 1 : Athena to left, wearing a helmet, holding a spear in the right hand and a round shield attached to theleft arm. In the right field, IΔ (dat ?). At the exergue, a monogram.All within a linear circle. Type 2 : Nike to right, wearing a long tunic, holding a wreath and a palm. In the right field, IΔ (date?). At the exergue, a monogram. |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Artaxata | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Armenia | Modern countryModern country: Armenia | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Artaxias II of Armenia (Artaxiad king, 34-20 BC), Armenian kingdom |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 34 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 20 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Roman from 30 BC |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver | Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.60 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachma | StandardStandard.: | Attic |
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Nercessian 20061 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 1 | 50 | 1 | 25 | 1 |
3 | 1 | 50 | 3 | 75 | 2 |
Total | 2 of 2 | 100 | 4 of 4 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 2 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 1 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 4 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 4 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 50 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 3.25 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 65,000 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 4 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00006 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 75% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 2,461.54 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 234 kg <br /> 234 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 6,153.85 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Nercessian, Yeghia T. (2006), Silver Coinage of the Artaxiad Dynasty of Armenia, Los Angeles, ix, 212 p., 96 pl.