S 644 - Sidon (Ptolemies), silver, tetradrachm (221-181 BCE)
From SILVER
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=S 644 - Sidon Ptolemies Tetradrachm 221-181 (Olivier 2012, planche XXVII, 2874).png | ||
|Obverse description=Bust of Ptolemy IV or Ptolemy V to right, wearing diadem. | |Obverse description=Bust of Ptolemy IV or Ptolemy V to right, wearing diadem. | ||
|Reverse legend=ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ | |Reverse legend=ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ | ||
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|Reverse description=Eagle standing to left on thunderbolt. (In field, ΣΩ.) Under eagle, ΣΙ. | |Reverse description=Eagle standing to left on thunderbolt. (In field, ΣΩ.) Under eagle, ΣΙ. | ||
|Mint=Sidon | |Mint=Sidon | ||
− | |Authority=Ptolemy IV Philopator (Ptolemaic king, 221-205 BC) ; Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Ptolemaic king, 204-181 BC) | + | |Ancient region=Phoenicia |
+ | |Authority=Ptolemy IV Philopator (Ptolemaic king, 221-205 BC); Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Ptolemaic king, 204-181 BC) | ||
+ | |Date from=221 BCE | ||
+ | |Date to=181 BCE | ||
|Period=Hellenistic | |Period=Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Silver | |Metal=Silver | ||
|Denomination=tetradrachm | |Denomination=tetradrachm | ||
− | | | + | |Median weight=14.10 |
|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=644 | |RQEM reference number=644 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Olivier 2012, p. 150, no. 2863-2876. | ||
|Number of obverse dies=5 | |Number of obverse dies=5 | ||
|Number of singletons=1 | |Number of singletons=1 | ||
+ | |Number of reverse dies=6 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=14 | ||
|Number of unidentified obverse dies=0 | |Number of unidentified obverse dies=0 | ||
− | |||
|Number of unidentified reverse dies=0 | |Number of unidentified reverse dies=0 | ||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=13 |
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=2 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=2 | ||
+ | |Die name=29,30 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=3 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=28 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=6 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=16 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Reverse Item | ||
+ | |Die name=R72,R73,R74,R75,R76,R77 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 14:21, 7 May 2023
221 BCE - 181 BCE Silver 1,853 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Bust of Ptolemy IV or Ptolemy V to right, wearing diadem. |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ (Greek).Eagle standing to left on thunderbolt. (In field, ΣΩ.) Under eagle, ΣΙ. |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Sidon | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Phoenicia | Modern countryModern country: Lebanon | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Ptolemy IV Philopator (Ptolemaic king, 221-205 BC), Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Ptolemaic king, 204-181 BC) |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 221 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 181 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 14.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm ![]() |
StandardStandard.: |
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Olivier 20121Olivier 2012, p. 150, no. 2863-2876. | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 7.14 | 13 |
2 | 2 | 40 | 4 | 28.57 | 29, 30 |
3 | 1 | 20 | 3 | 21.43 | 28 |
6 | 1 | 20 | 6 | 42.86 | 16 |
Total | 5 of 5 | 100 | 14 of 14 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 5 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 1 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 6 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 14 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.8 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.33 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.2 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 20 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 6.57 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 131,400 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 7.78 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00011 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 92.86% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 4,261.8 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,853 kg <br /> 1,853 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 10,654.49 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Olivier, Julien (2012), Archè et Chrèmata en Egypte au IIe siècle avant J.-C. (204-81 av. J.-C.). Etude de numismatique et d'histoire, [Unpublished doctoral dissertation], Orléans University, 2012.