Pella (Philip II and Alexander the Great), silver, didrachms (359-328 BCE)
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=H116 Heracles Pella.jpeg | ||
+ | |Image reference=https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=2312684 | ||
|Obverse description=Head of Heracles right, wearing Nemean lion skin headdress. | |Obverse description=Head of Heracles right, wearing Nemean lion skin headdress. | ||
|Reverse legend=ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ | |Reverse legend=ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ | ||
|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
+ | |Reverse description=Philip, wearing kausia, chlamys, tunic, and boots, raising right hand and holding rein in left, on horseback left; tiny Δ below raised foreleg, facing head of Helios below horse’s belly. | ||
|Mint=Pella | |Mint=Pella | ||
− | |Authority=Philip II (Argead king, 359-336 BC) | + | |Ancient region=Macedon |
− | |Date from=359 | + | |Authority=Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC); Macedonian kingdom; Philip II (Argead king, 359-336 BC) |
− | |Date to=328 | + | |Date from=359 BCE |
+ | |Date to=328 BCE | ||
|Period=Classical | |Period=Classical | ||
|Metal=Silver | |Metal=Silver | ||
|Denomination=didrachm | |Denomination=didrachm | ||
− | | | + | |Median weight=7.15 |
− | |||
|RQEM reference=RQEMH | |RQEM reference=RQEMH | ||
|RQEM reference number=116 | |RQEM reference number=116 | ||
− | |Number of obverse dies= | + | |Die study reference=Le Rider 1977 |
− | |Number of singletons= | + | |Coin series reference=Sear II, n° 6685; RQEMH, n° 116-117; HGC 3.1, n° 866 |
− | |Number of reverse dies= | + | |Number of obverse dies=10 |
− | |Number of coins= | + | |Number of singletons=4 |
+ | |Number of reverse dies=13 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=31 | ||
+ | |Workstation=Most likely one single workstation | ||
+ | |Remarks=RQEMH 116 + 117 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
− | |Number of dies= | + | |Number of dies=4 |
+ | |Die name=15,71,115,169 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=2 | |Frequency=2 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=3 | ||
+ | |Die name=22,170,171 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=3 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=172 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=6 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=112 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=12 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=168 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 10:22, 14 May 2023
359 BCE - 328 BCE Silver 1,795 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Heracles right, wearing Nemean lion skin headdress. |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ (Greek).Philip, wearing kausia, chlamys, tunic, and boots, raising right hand and holding rein in left, on horseback left, tiny Δ below raised foreleg, facing head of Helios below horse’s belly. |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Pella | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC), Macedonian kingdom, Philip II (Argead king, 359-336 BC) |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 359 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 328 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 7.15 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | didrachm ![]() |
StandardStandard.: |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/f/f3/H116_Heracles_Pella.jpeg)
H116 Heracles Pella.jpeg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Le Rider 19771Le Rider 1977 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 6685, RQEMH3RQEMH, n° 116-117, HGC 3.14HGC 3.1, n° 866 |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 4 | 40 | 4 | 12.9 | 15, 71, 115, 169 |
2 | 3 | 30 | 6 | 19.35 | 22, 170, 171 |
3 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 9.68 | 172 |
6 | 1 | 10 | 6 | 19.35 | 112 |
12 | 1 | 10 | 12 | 38.71 | 168 |
Total | 10 of 10 | 100 | 31 of 31 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 10 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 4 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 13 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 31 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.1 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.38 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.3 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 40 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 12.55 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 251,000 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 14.76 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00012 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 87.1% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 4,940.24 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,795 kg <br /> 1,795 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 12,350.6 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation RQEMH 116 + 117
References
- ^ Le Rider, Georges (1977), Le Monnayage d'argent et d'or de Philippe II frappé en Macédoine de 359 à 294, Paris, Bourgey.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2016), Handbook of coins of Macedon and its neighbors. 3. Part I: Macedon, Illyria, and Epeiros, sixth to first centuries BC, Lancaster, 437 p.