Nymphaeum? (Sammas), silver, hemiobols (438-436 BCE)
From SILVER
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
− | |Reverse legend= | + | |Image=AC100a Sammas hemiobol.jpg |
+ | |Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=930927&AucID=1778&Lot=137 | ||
+ | |Obverse description=Head of nymph right, hair in sphendone | ||
+ | |Reverse legend=ΣAM | ||
|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
− | |Mint= | + | |Reverse description=Head of lion right; ΣAM to left |
+ | |Mint=Nymphaeum | ||
|Ancient region=Bosporus | |Ancient region=Bosporus | ||
|Authority=Sammas (dynast of uncertain place in the Thraco-Macedonian region) | |Authority=Sammas (dynast of uncertain place in the Thraco-Macedonian region) | ||
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|RQEM reference=RQMAC | |RQEM reference=RQMAC | ||
|RQEM reference number=100a | |RQEM reference number=100a | ||
− | |Die study reference= | + | |Die study reference=Stolba 1998, n° 10-13 |
− | |Coin series reference=RQEMAC, n° 100a | + | |Coin series reference=RQEMAC, n° 100a; HGC 7, n° 16 |
+ | |Coin series web reference=https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/nymphaeum.sammas.stolba.1998.1-13 | ||
|Number of obverse dies=2 | |Number of obverse dies=2 | ||
|Number of reverse dies=2 | |Number of reverse dies=2 | ||
|Number of coins=5 | |Number of coins=5 | ||
+ | |Workstation=Most likely one single workstation | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item |
Latest revision as of 14:50, 14 May 2023
438 BCE - 436 BCE Silver 17 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of nymph right, hair in sphendone |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΣAM (Greek).Head of lion right, ΣAM to left |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Nymphaeum | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Bosporus | Modern countryModern country: Russia (Crimea) | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Sammas (dynast of uncertain place in the Thraco-Macedonian region) |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 438 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 436 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 0.30 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | hemiobol ![]() |
StandardStandard.: |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/0/08/AC100a_Sammas_hemiobol.jpg)
AC100a Sammas hemiobol.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Stolba 19981Stolba 1998, n° 10-13 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | RQEMAC2RQEMAC, n° 100a, HGC 73HGC 7, n° 16 | ||
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
2 | 1 | 50 | 2 | 40 | 2 |
3 | 1 | 50 | 3 | 60 | 1 |
Total | 2 of 2 | 100 | 5 of 5 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 2 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 2 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 5 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.5 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.5 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 2.79 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 55,800 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 3.33 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00009 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 3,584.23 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 17 kg <br /> 17 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 8,960.57 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Stolba, Vladimir (1998), "ΣAMMAΣ: Zur Prägung eines bosporanischen Tyrannen," in Ulrike Peter (ed.), Stephanos nomismatikos: Edith Schönert-Geiss zum 65. Geburtstag, Berlin, Akademie Verlag. p.601-611
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), Handbook of Greek Coinages. 7. Coins of northern and Central Anatolia - Pontos, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Phrygia, Galatia, lykaonia, and Kappadokia (with Kolchis and the Kimmerian bosporos), Lancaster, lxxxii, 352 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.