Methodological Issues

From SILVER
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The "SILVER" project will study the composition of '''silver coins from the ancient worlds (Greek and Roman) up to 250 A'''D thanks to very advanced technologies used daily by geochemists. The questions raised are those of the origin of money and the link between economic development and the circulation of silver coins and objects of worship.
 
  
[[File:GREEK. Northern Greece. AR 1-5th tetradrachms of the Kings of Macedon, Philip II.jpg|left|340px]] At the time, money was the foundation of the current economy: it was used to pay salaries and balances, as well as for ordinary transactions. Gold was too rare to be really useful for the payment needs of the population. As for copper as it was used for small change, in the Egypt of the Ptolemies for example, it was of such little value that people were forced to mint heavy coins. In addition, copper money competed with the demand for bronze used for weapons. It is therefore through money that wealth circulated and it is the study of this circulation that is the subject of this project.
 
  
The ERC SILVER project is led by Francis Albarède<sup>[https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-1428 ORCID 0000-0003-1994-1428]</sup> who enthusiastically supported the creation of this website whose two portals were designed by François de Callataÿ<sup>[https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5381-2534 ORCID 0000-0002-5381-2534]</sup> and developped by Bernhard Krabina<sup>[https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6871-3037 ORCID 0000-0002-6871-3037]</sup>. Dr. Caroline Carrier has partly prepared the spreadsheets for some 1,800 coin die-studies and 2,186 overstrikes.
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The Die-Studies Database (DSD) aims .  
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<div class="card-header bg-light"><h5><span class="fas fa-coins"></span> [[Die Studies Database|Die Studies Database (DSD)]]</h5></div>
 
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Currently, there are {{PAGESINCAT:Die Study}} entries in the database.
 
 
 
The Die-Studies Database (DSD) aims to gather and make available all the produced [[Die Studies|die-studies]] for the Graeco-Roman world in its broad acceptance from Spain to India. It is intended to offer a key tool for putting monetary productions into perspective and estimating their volumes. The DSD largely enlarges and improves the c. 630 cases collected and presented by the two Recueils quantitatifs de la production monétaire for the Greek world [[CiteRef::RQEMH]] [[CiteRef::RQEMAC]].  
 
 
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Currently, there are {{PAGESINCAT:Overstrike}} entries in the database.
 
Currently, there are {{PAGESINCAT:Overstrike}} entries in the database.
  
The Greek Overstrikes Database (GOD) aims to gather and make available all the known overstrikes for the Greek world in its broad acceptance from Spain to India whatever the metal (but gold overstrikes are rare). Overstrikes are of course a decisive tool for chronologies (what is below is before) but they also prove to be of fundamental importance for the study of coin circulation, especially for the silver flows, hence this development into the frame of the project SILVER. The various material collected for GOD has been gathered since 2010 by François de Callataÿ<sup>[https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5381-2534 ORCID 0000-0002-5381-2534]</sup> with the great help of David MacDonald [[CiteRef::Callataÿ 2017b]].  
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The Greek Overstrikes Database (GOD) aims .  
 
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Revision as of 15:03, 14 May 2023


The Die-Studies Database (DSD) aims .

Currently, there are 2,960 entries in the database.

The Greek Overstrikes Database (GOD) aims .

References

  1. ^  Buttrey, Theodore V. (1993), "Calculating ancient coin production : facts and fantasies," Numismatic Chronicle, 153, p. 335-351
  2. ^  Buttrey, Theodore V. - Cooper, Denis (1994), "Calculating ancient coin production II : Why it cannot be done," Numismatic Chronicle, 154, p. 341-352.
  3. ^  Callataÿ, François de (1995), "Calculating ancient coin production : Seeking a balance," Numismatic Chronicle, 155, p. 40-54.
  4. ^  Buttrey, S. E. - Buttrey, Theodore V. (1997), "Calculating ancient coin production, again," American Journal of Numismatics, 2nd ser., 9, p. 113-135.
  5. ^  Callataÿ, François de (2005), “A quantitative survey of Hellenistic coinages: recent achievements”, in Zosia H. Archibald, John K. Davies and Vincent Gabrielsen (eds.), Making, Moving and Managing. The New World of Ancient Economies, 323-31BC, Oxford, Oxbow, p. 73-91.
  6. ^  Esty, Warren W. (1984), "Estimating the size of a coinage," Numismatic Chronicle, 144, p. 180-183.
  7. ^  Esty, Warren W. (2006), "How to estimate the original number of dies and the coverage of a sample," Numismatic Chronicle, 166, p. 359-364.
  8. ^  Callataÿ, François de (1999), “Étude de technique monétaire : le rapport ‘nombre de coins de revers/nombre de coins de droit’ à l'époque hellénistique”, Revue des Archéologues et Historiens de l’Art de Louvain, 32, p. 91-102.
  9. ^  Faucher, Thomas (2011), "Productivité des coins et taux de survie du monnayage grec," in François de Callataÿ (ed.), Quantifying monetary supplies in Greco-Roman times, Bari, Edipuglia, p.113-126.
  10. ^  Callataÿ, François de (193), “Estimation du nombre originel de coins : en augmentant l'échantillon...”, Acta Numismatica, 21-23 (Essays in honour of L. Villaronga), p. 31-48.
  11. ^  Esty, Warren W. (2011), "The geometric model for estimating the number of dies," in François de Callataÿ (ed.), Quantifying monetary supplies in Greco-Roman times, Bari, Edipuglia, p. 43-58.
  12. ^  Callataÿ, François de (1987), “Statistique et Numismatique : les limites d'un apport”, Revue des Archéologues et Historiens d'Art de Louvain, 20 (Mélanges J. Trizna), p. 76-95.
  13. ^  Albarède, Francis - Callataÿ, François de - Debernardi, Pierluigi - Blichert-Toft, Janne (2021), “Model for ancient Greek and Roman coinage production”, Journal of Archaeological Science, 131, DOI 105406 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2021.105406).
  14. ^  Callataÿ, François de (2023), "The Yehud Coinage: An Essay on Quantification", in Haim Gitler - Catharine C. Lorber - Jean-Philippe Fontanille, The Yehud Coinage. A Study and Die Classification of the Provincial Silver Coinage of Judah, Numismatic Studies and Researches XII, Jerusalem, p. 307-334.
  15. ^  Kinns, Philip (1983), "The Amphictionic Coinage Reconsidered", The Numismatic Chronicle 143, p. 1-22, pl. 1-4.
  16. ^  Marchetti, Patrick (1999), "Autour de la frappe du nouvel amphictionique," Revue belge de Numismatique, 145, p. 199-113.
  17. ^  Sellwood, David G. (1963), "Some experiments in Greek minting technique," Numismatic Chronicle, 7th ser., vol. 3, p. 217-231, pl. 23-25.
  18. ^  Faucher, Thomas - Téreygeol, Florian - Brousseau, Louis - Arles, Adrien (2009), "A la recherche des ateliers monetaires grecs : l'apport de l'experimentation," Revue Numismatique, 165, p. 43-80.
  19. ^  Price, Martin J. (1989), "The Larissa, 1968 hoard (IGCH 237)," in Georges Le Rider, Kenneth Jenkins, Nancy Waggoner and Ulla Westermark (eds.), Kraay-Mørkholm essays : numismatic studies in memory of C. M. Kraay and O. Mørkholm, Louvain-la-Neuve, p. 233-244.
  20. ^  Callataÿ, François de (1997), L'histoire des guerres mithridatiques vue par les monnaies, Numismatica Lovaniensia 18, Louvain-la-Neuve, XIII + 481 p. et 54 pl.
  21. ^  Metcalf, William E. (1988), "The joint reign gold of Justin I and Justinian I," in William E. Metcalf - Wolfgang R. O. Hahn (eds.), Studies in early Byzantine gold coinage, New York, p. 19-27.
  22. ^  Callataÿ, François de (2000), "Les taux de survie des émissions monétaires antiques, médiévales et modernes. Essai de mise en perspective et conséquence quant à la productivité des coins dans l’Antiquité," Revue Numismatique, 155, p. 87-109.