S 678 - Alexandria, silver, tetradrachm, 107-101 BC
From SILVER
(Distribution1) |
|||
(14 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=S 678 - Alexandria Tetradrachm 107-101 BC (Olivier 2012, Planche LXX, 5802).png | ||
+ | |Obverse description=Head of Ptolemy I Soter to right, wearing diadem and aegis around neck. | ||
+ | |Reverse legend=ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ | ||
+ | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
+ | |Reverse description=Eagle standing to left on thunderbolt, date in field | ||
|Mint=Alexandria | |Mint=Alexandria | ||
− | |Authority=Cleopatra III of Egypt (Ptolemaic queen, 142-131 and 127-116 BC) ; Ptolemy X Alexander I (Ptolemaic king, 110-88 BC) | + | |Ancient region=Egypt |
− | |Date from=107 | + | |Authority=Cleopatra III of Egypt (Ptolemaic queen, 142-131 and 127-116 BC); Ptolemy X Alexander I (Ptolemaic king, 110-88 BC) |
− | |Date to=101 | + | |Date from=107 BCE |
+ | |Date to=101 BCE | ||
|Period=Hellenistic | |Period=Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Silver | |Metal=Silver | ||
|Denomination=tetradrachm | |Denomination=tetradrachm | ||
− | | | + | |Standard=Ptolemaic |
+ | |Median weight=14.10 | ||
|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=678 | |RQEM reference number=678 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Olivier 2012, p. 234-240, no. 5799-6049. | ||
|Number of obverse dies=81 | |Number of obverse dies=81 | ||
|Number of singletons=28 | |Number of singletons=28 | ||
+ | |Number of reverse dies=117 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=251 | ||
|Number of unidentified obverse dies=0 | |Number of unidentified obverse dies=0 | ||
− | |||
|Number of unidentified reverse dies=118 | |Number of unidentified reverse dies=118 | ||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
Line 21: | Line 29: | ||
|Number of dies=28 | |Number of dies=28 | ||
|Die name=D430,D439,D447,D462,D463,D464,D466,D467,D469,D470,D471,D472,D473,D481,D482,D483,D486,D487,D488,D489,D490,D493,D494,D506,D507,D508,D509,D510 | |Die name=D430,D439,D447,D462,D463,D464,D466,D467,D469,D470,D471,D472,D473,D481,D482,D483,D486,D487,D488,D489,D490,D493,D494,D506,D507,D508,D509,D510 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=2 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=16 | ||
+ | |Die name=D431,D437,D443,D444,D446,D448,D449,D451,D457,D459,D460,D465,D468,D478,D480,D492 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=3 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=10 | ||
+ | |Die name=D440,D445,D453,D456,D458,D475,D476,D479,D485,D496 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=4 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=7 | ||
+ | |Die name=D441,D452,D477,D484,D495,D497,D501 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=5 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=6 | ||
+ | |Die name=D434,D435,D450,D474,D499,D505 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=6 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=5 | ||
+ | |Die name=D433,D442,D454,D461,D498 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=7 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=3 | ||
+ | |Die name=D432,D438,D491 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=8 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=4 | ||
+ | |Die name=D455,D502,D503,D504 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=1 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=28 | ||
+ | |Die name=D430,D439,D447,D462,D463,D464,D466,D467,D469,D470,D471,D472,D473,D481,D482,D483,D486,D487,D488,D489,D490,D493,D494,D506,D507,D508,D509,D510 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=11 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=D436 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=9 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=D455,D502,D503,D504 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Reverse Item | ||
+ | |Die name=R1062,R1063,R1064,R1065,R1066,R1067,R1068,R1069,R1070,R1071,R1072,R1073,R1074,R1075,R1076,R1077,R1078,R1079,R1080,R1081,R1082,R1083,R1084,R1085,R1086,R1087,R1088,R1089,R1090,R1091,R1092,R1093,R1094,R1095,R1096,R1097,R1098,R1099,R1100,R1101,R1102,R1103,R1104,R1105,R1106,R1107,R1108,R1109,R1110,R1111,R1112,R1113,R1114,R1115,R1116,R1117,R1118,R1119,R1120,R1121,R1122,R1123,R1124,R1125,R1126,R1127,R1128,R1129,R1130,R1131,R1132,R1133,R1134,R1135,R1136,R1137,R1138,R1139,R1140,R1141,R1142,R1143,R1144,R1145,R1146,R1147,R1148,R1149,R1150,R1151,R1152,R1153,R1154,R1155,R1156,R1157,R1158,R1159,R1160,R1161,R1162,R1163,R1164,R1165,R1166,R1167,R1168,R1169,R1170,R1171,R1172,R1173,R1174,R1175,R1176,R1177,R1178 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 15:19, 22 June 2023
107 BCE - 101 BCE Silver 28,662 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Ptolemy I Soter to right, wearing diadem and aegis around neck. |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ (Greek).Eagle standing to left on thunderbolt, date in field |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Alexandria | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Egypt | Modern countryModern country: Egypt | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Cleopatra III of Egypt (Ptolemaic queen, 142-131 and 127-116 BC), Ptolemy X Alexander I (Ptolemaic king, 110-88 BC) |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 107 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 101 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 14.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm ![]() |
StandardStandard.: | Ptolemaic |
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Olivier 20121Olivier 2012, p. 234-240, no. 5799-6049. | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 28 | 34.57 | 28 | 11.16 | D430, D439, D447, D462, D463, D464, D466, D467, D469, D470, D471, D472, D473, D481, D482, D483, D486, D487, D488, D489, D490, D493, D494, D506, D507, D508, D509, D510 |
2 | 16 | 19.75 | 32 | 12.75 | D431, D437, D443, D444, D446, D448, D449, D451, D457, D459, D460, D465, D468, D478, D480, D492 |
3 | 10 | 12.35 | 30 | 11.95 | D440, D445, D453, D456, D458, D475, D476, D479, D485, D496 |
4 | 7 | 8.64 | 28 | 11.16 | D441, D452, D477, D484, D495, D497, D501 |
5 | 6 | 7.41 | 30 | 11.95 | D434, D435, D450, D474, D499, D505 |
6 | 5 | 6.17 | 30 | 11.95 | D433, D442, D454, D461, D498 |
7 | 3 | 3.7 | 21 | 8.37 | D432, D438, D491 |
8 | 4 | 4.94 | 32 | 12.75 | D455, D502, D503, D504 |
9 | 1 | 1.23 | 9 | 3.59 | D455, D502, D503, D504 |
11 | 1 | 1.23 | 11 | 4.38 | D436 |
Total | 81 of 81 | 99.99 | 251 of 251 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 81 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 28 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 117 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 251 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.1 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.15 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.44 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 34.57 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 101.64 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 2,032,800 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 119.59 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00012 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 88.84% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 4,939 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 28,662 kg <br /> 28,662 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 12,347.5 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Olivier, Julien (2012), Archè et Chrèmata en Egypte au IIe siècle avant J.-C. (204-81 av. J.-C.). Etude de numismatique et d'histoire, [Unpublished doctoral dissertation], Orléans University, 2012.