S 239 - Aetolia (uncertain mint) (Aetolian League), bronze, tetartemoria (300-229 BCE)
From SILVER
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=S_239_-_Aetolia_(uncertain_mint)_(Aetolian_League),_bronze,_tetartemoria_(300-229_BCE).png | ||
+ | |Image reference=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b11354149q.r=%C3%A9toliebronze%20%C3%A9tolie%20bronze?rk=879832;4 | ||
|Obverse description=Head of Apollo right, wearing laurel wreath. | |Obverse description=Head of Apollo right, wearing laurel wreath. | ||
|Reverse legend=AΙΤΩΛΩΝ | |Reverse legend=AΙΤΩΛΩΝ | ||
|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
|Reverse description=Spear head and boar jaw. (In the center, ME or star). | |Reverse description=Spear head and boar jaw. (In the center, ME or star). | ||
+ | |Mint=Aetolia (uncertain mint) | ||
+ | |Ancient region=Aetolia | ||
|Authority=Aetolian League | |Authority=Aetolian League | ||
− | |Date from=300 | + | |Date from=300 BCE |
− | |Date to=229 | + | |Date to=229 BCE |
|Period=Hellenistic | |Period=Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Bronze | |Metal=Bronze | ||
|Denomination=tetartemorion | |Denomination=tetartemorion | ||
− | | | + | |Median weight=2.70 |
− | |||
|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=239 | |RQEM reference number=239 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Tsangari 2007, p. 61-64, no. 277-331, p. 71, no. 439-440, p. 85, no. 556-558. | ||
|Number of obverse dies=47 | |Number of obverse dies=47 | ||
|Number of singletons=32 | |Number of singletons=32 | ||
+ | |Number of reverse dies=60 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=83 | ||
+ | |Workstation=Most likely one single workstation | ||
|Number of unidentified obverse dies=15 | |Number of unidentified obverse dies=15 | ||
− | |||
|Number of unidentified reverse dies=15 | |Number of unidentified reverse dies=15 | ||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
Line 25: | Line 30: | ||
|Number of dies=32 | |Number of dies=32 | ||
|Die name=d2,d3,d4,d7,d8,d10,d11,d13,d14,d17,d18,d20,d21,d22,d25,d26,d28,d29,d31,d33,d34,d35,d37,d38,d39,d40,d41,d42,d43,d44,d45,d46 | |Die name=d2,d3,d4,d7,d8,d10,d11,d13,d14,d17,d18,d20,d21,d22,d25,d26,d28,d29,d31,d33,d34,d35,d37,d38,d39,d40,d41,d42,d43,d44,d45,d46 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=2 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=11 | ||
+ | |Die name=d5,d6,d9,d15,d19,d23,d24,d27,d30,d36,d47 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=3 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=2 | ||
+ | |Die name=d1,d12 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=4 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=2 | ||
+ | |Die name=d16,d32 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=1 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=32 | ||
+ | |Die name=d2,d3,d4,d7,d8,d10,d11,d13,d14,d17,d18,d20,d21,d22,d25,d26,d28,d29,d31,d33,d34,d35,d37,d38,d39,d40,d41,d42,d43,d44,d45,d46 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Reverse Item | ||
+ | |Die name=r1,r2,r3,r4,r5,r6,r7,r8,r9,r10,r11,r12,r13,r14,r15,r16,r17,r18,r19,r20,r21,r22,r23,r24,r25,r26,r27,r28,r29,r30,r31,r32,r33,r34,r35,r36,r37,r38,r39,r40,r41,r42,r43,r44,r45,r46,r47,r48,r49,r50,r51,r52,r53,r54,r55,r56,r57,r58,r59,r60 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 17:38, 6 July 2023
300 BCE - 229 BCE Bronze
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Apollo right, wearing laurel wreath. |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | AΙΤΩΛΩΝ (Greek).Spear head and boar jaw. (In the center, ME or star). |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Aetolia (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Aetolia | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Aetolian League |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 300 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 229 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Bronze ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 2.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetartemorion ![]() |
StandardStandard.: |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/b/b8/S_239_-_Aetolia_%28uncertain_mint%29_%28Aetolian_League%29%2C_bronze%2C_tetartemoria_%28300-229_BCE%29.png)
S_239_-_Aetolia_(uncertain_mint)_(Aetolian_League),_bronze,_tetartemoria_(300-229_BCE).png [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Tsangari 20071Tsangari 2007, p. 61-64, no. 277-331, p. 71, no. 439-440, p. 85, no. 556-558. | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 32 | 68.09 | 32 | 38.55 | d2, d3, d4, d7, d8, d10, d11, d13, d14, d17, d18, d20, d21, d22, d25, d26, d28, d29, d31, d33, d34, d35, d37, d38, d39, d40, d41, d42, d43, d44, d45, d46 |
2 | 11 | 23.4 | 22 | 26.51 | d5, d6, d9, d15, d19, d23, d24, d27, d30, d36, d47 |
3 | 2 | 4.26 | 6 | 7.23 | d1, d12 |
4 | 2 | 4.26 | 8 | 9.64 | d16, d32 |
Total | 47 of 47 | 100.01 | 68 of 83 | 81.93 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 47 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 32 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 60 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 83 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 1.77 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.38 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.28 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 68.09 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 87.66 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 1,753,200 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 108.36 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00005 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 61.45% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 1,893.68 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | n.a. | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 4,734.2 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Tsangari, Dimitra (2007) Corpus des monnaies d’or, d’argent et de Bronze de la confédération étolienne, Athens, 507 p. : illustrations.