Pella (Philip II and Alexander the Great), gold, 1/4 staters (345-310 BCE)
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=H103 Herakles Pella.jpeg | ||
+ | |Image reference=https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=3108586 | ||
|Obverse description=Head of Heracles right, wearing Nemean lion skin headdress. | |Obverse description=Head of Heracles right, wearing Nemean lion skin headdress. | ||
|Reverse legend=ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ | |Reverse legend=ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ | ||
Line 5: | Line 7: | ||
|Reverse description=Club and bow. In field, trident. | |Reverse description=Club and bow. In field, trident. | ||
|Mint=Pella | |Mint=Pella | ||
− | |Authority=Philip II (Argead king, 359-336 BC) | + | |Ancient region=Macedon |
− | |Date from=345 | + | |Authority=Macedonian kingdom; Philip II (Argead king, 359-336 BC); Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC) |
− | |Date to=310 | + | |Date from=345 BCE |
+ | |Date to=310 BCE | ||
|Period=Classical and Hellenistic | |Period=Classical and Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Gold | |Metal=Gold | ||
|Denomination=tetarte | |Denomination=tetarte | ||
− | | | + | |Standard=Attic |
− | | | + | |Median weight=2.15 |
|RQEM reference=RQEMH | |RQEM reference=RQEMH | ||
|RQEM reference number=103 | |RQEM reference number=103 | ||
− | |Number of obverse dies= | + | |Die study reference=Le Rider 1977, p. 233 n° 1-2, 238-244 n° 47-88, 248-250 n° 122-131. |
− | |Number of singletons=1 | + | |Coin series reference=RQEMH, n° 103 |
− | |Number of | + | |Coin series web reference=https://numismatics.org/pella/id/pella.philip_ii.364 |
− | |Number of | + | |Number of obverse dies=33 |
+ | |Number of singletons=10 | ||
+ | |Number of reverse dies=24 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=183 | ||
+ | |Workstation=Most likely two workstations | ||
+ | |Purpose=Certainly military | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=1 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=10 | ||
+ | |Die name=1,35,40,48,50,52,54,55,80,85 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=2 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=49 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=3 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=5 | ||
+ | |Die name=37,39,53,81,84 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=4 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=2 | ||
+ | |Die name=47,82 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=5 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=2 | ||
+ | |Die name=42,46 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=6 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=2 | ||
+ | |Die name=2,86 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=7 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=3 | ||
+ | |Die name=44,45,51 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=8 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=38 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=9 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=41 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=10 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=36 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=12 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=33 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=14 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=34 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=16 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=32 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=17 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=43 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=19 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=83 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 18:02, 28 February 2024
345 BCE - 310 BCE Gold 15,476 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Heracles right, wearing Nemean lion skin headdress. |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ (Greek).Club and bow. In field, trident. |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Pella | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Macedon | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Macedonian kingdom, Philip II (Argead king, 359-336 BC), Alexander III the Great (Argead king, 336-323 BC) |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 345 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 310 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical and Hellenistic |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 2.15 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetarte ![]() |
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/f/f4/H103_Herakles_Pella.jpeg)
H103 Herakles Pella.jpeg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Le Rider 19771Le Rider 1977, p. 233 n° 1-2, 238-244 n° 47-88, 248-250 n° 122-131. | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | RQEMH2RQEMH, n° 103 | ||
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 10 | 30.3 | 10 | 5.46 | 1, 35, 40, 48, 50, 52, 54, 55, 80, 85 |
2 | 1 | 3.03 | 2 | 1.09 | 49 |
3 | 5 | 15.15 | 15 | 8.2 | 37, 39, 53, 81, 84 |
4 | 2 | 6.06 | 8 | 4.37 | 47, 82 |
5 | 2 | 6.06 | 10 | 5.46 | 42, 46 |
6 | 2 | 6.06 | 12 | 6.56 | 2, 86 |
7 | 3 | 9.09 | 21 | 11.48 | 44, 45, 51 |
8 | 1 | 3.03 | 8 | 4.37 | 38 |
9 | 1 | 3.03 | 9 | 4.92 | 41 |
10 | 1 | 3.03 | 10 | 5.46 | 36 |
12 | 1 | 3.03 | 12 | 6.56 | 33 |
14 | 1 | 3.03 | 14 | 7.65 | 34 |
16 | 1 | 3.03 | 16 | 8.74 | 32 |
17 | 1 | 3.03 | 17 | 9.29 | 43 |
19 | 1 | 3.03 | 19 | 10.38 | 83 |
Total | 33 of 33 | 99.99 | 183 of 183 | 99.99 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 33 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 10 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 24 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 183 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 5.55 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 7.63 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 0.73 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 30.3 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 35.99 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 719,800 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 40.26 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00025 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 94.54% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 10,169.49 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 15,476 kg <br /> 15,476 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 25,423.73 |
Remarks
Most likely two workstations Certainly military