S 727 - Massallia, silver, drachms (250-200 BCE)
From SILVER
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=S 727 - Massallia, silver, drachma, 250-200 BC.jpg | ||
+ | |Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=1558948&AucID=3258&Lot=4 | ||
+ | |Obverse description=Head of Artemis to right, wearing wreath of olive branches, pendant earring and pearl necklace | ||
|Reverse legend=MΑΣΣΑ | |Reverse legend=MΑΣΣΑ | ||
|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
− | |Mint= | + | |Reverse description=Lion prowling to right |
− | |Date from=250 | + | |Mint=Massalia |
− | |Date to=200 | + | |Date from=250 BCE |
+ | |Date to=200 BCE | ||
|Period=Hellenistic | |Period=Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Silver | |Metal=Silver | ||
|Denomination=drachma | |Denomination=drachma | ||
− | |Median weight=3 | + | |Median weight=3.70 |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=727 | |RQEM reference number=727 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Corsi - Aulisio 2018 | ||
|Number of obverse dies=23 | |Number of obverse dies=23 | ||
|Number of singletons=5 | |Number of singletons=5 | ||
|Number of reverse dies=28 | |Number of reverse dies=28 | ||
|Number of coins=90 | |Number of coins=90 | ||
+ | |Workstation=Most likely one single workstation | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
|Number of dies=5 | |Number of dies=5 | ||
+ | |Die name=14,16,18,19,23 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=2 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=3 | ||
+ | |Die name=2,10,17 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=3 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=4 | ||
+ | |Die name=1,13,20,21 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=4 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=2 | ||
+ | |Die name=5,6 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=5 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=3 | ||
+ | |Die name=4,12,22 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=6 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=9 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=7 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=3 | ||
+ | |Die name=3,7,11 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=8 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=8 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=9 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=15 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 15:29, 23 May 2024
250 BCE - 200 BCE Silver 1,994 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Artemis to right, wearing wreath of olive branches, pendant earring and pearl necklace |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | MΑΣΣΑ (Greek).Lion prowling to right |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Massalia | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Gallia | Modern countryModern country: France | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 250 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 200 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 3.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachma ![]() |
StandardStandard.: |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/c/ce/S_727_-_Massallia%2C_silver%2C_drachma%2C_250-200_BC.jpg)
S 727 - Massallia, silver, drachma, 250-200 BC.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Corsi - Aulisio 20181Corsi - Aulisio 2018 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 5 | 21.74 | 5 | 5.56 | 14, 16, 18, 19, 23 |
2 | 3 | 13.04 | 6 | 6.67 | 2, 10, 17 |
3 | 4 | 17.39 | 12 | 13.33 | 1, 13, 20, 21 |
4 | 2 | 8.7 | 8 | 8.89 | 5, 6 |
5 | 3 | 13.04 | 15 | 16.67 | 4, 12, 22 |
6 | 1 | 4.35 | 6 | 6.67 | 9 |
7 | 3 | 13.04 | 21 | 23.33 | 3, 7, 11 |
8 | 1 | 4.35 | 8 | 8.89 | 8 |
9 | 1 | 4.35 | 9 | 10 | 15 |
Total | 23 of 23 | 100 | 90 of 90 | 100.01 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 23 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 5 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 28 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 90 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.91 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 3.21 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.22 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 21.74 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 26.95 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 539,000 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 30.9 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00017 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 94.44% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 6,679.04 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,994 kg <br /> 1,994 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 16,697.59 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Corsi, Jacopi - Aulisio, Giorgio (2018), "The lions of Artemis. A die link study of the heavy drachms of Massalia", Revue Numismatique, 175, p. 147-192.