Paphos (Ptolemy VIII), silver, tetradrachms (145-116 BCE) Olivier
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=S629 Paphos Ptolemy VIII tetradrachms.jpg | ||
+ | |Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=2156661&AucID=5189&Lot=393 | ||
+ | |Obverse description=Diademed head of Ptolemy I right, aegis around neck | ||
+ | |Reverse legend=ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ | ||
+ | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
+ | |Reverse description=Eagle standing left on thunderbolt; L M (date) to left, ΠA to right | ||
|Mint=Paphos | |Mint=Paphos | ||
− | |Authority= | + | |Ancient region=Cyprus |
− | |Date from=145 | + | |Authority=Ptolemaic dynasty (323-30 BC); Ptolemy I Soter (satrap and Ptolemaic king of Egypt, 323-305 BC); Ptolemy VIII Physcon (169-164, 144-132/1 and 126-116 BC) |
− | |Date to=116 | + | |Date from=145 BCE |
+ | |Date to=116 BCE | ||
|Period=Hellenistic | |Period=Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Silver | |Metal=Silver | ||
|Denomination=tetradrachm | |Denomination=tetradrachm | ||
− | | | + | |Standard=Ptolemaic |
+ | |Median weight=14.10 | ||
|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=629 | |RQEM reference number=629 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Olivier 2012, p. 120-126, no. 2122-2142 and 2148-2294. | ||
+ | |Coin series reference=Sear II, n° 7908-7909; | ||
|Number of obverse dies=32 | |Number of obverse dies=32 | ||
|Number of singletons=8 | |Number of singletons=8 | ||
+ | |Number of reverse dies=101 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=167 | ||
|Number of unidentified obverse dies=1 | |Number of unidentified obverse dies=1 | ||
− | |||
|Number of unidentified reverse dies=52 | |Number of unidentified reverse dies=52 | ||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
|Number of dies=8 | |Number of dies=8 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=354,357,359,360,365,378,382,386 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=2 | |Frequency=2 | ||
|Number of dies=4 | |Number of dies=4 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=364,370,379,381 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=3 | |Frequency=3 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=380 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=4 | |Frequency=4 | ||
|Number of dies=2 | |Number of dies=2 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=361,373 |
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=5 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=3 | ||
+ | |Die name=358,377,387 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=6 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=376 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=7 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=4 | ||
+ | |Die name=371,374,383,385 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=8 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=5 | ||
+ | |Die name=356,363,366,369,384 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=10 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=367 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=12 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=372 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=13 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=368 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Item | ||
+ | |Frequency=16 | ||
+ | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=375 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Reverse Item | ||
+ | |Die name=R1194,R1195,R1196,R1197,R1198,R1199,R1200,R1201,R1202,R1203,R1204,R1205,R1206,R1207,R1208,R1209,R1210,R1211,R1212,R1213,R1214,R1215,R1216,R1217,R1218,R1219,R1220,R1221,R1222,R1223,R1224,R1225,R1226,R1227,R1228,R1229,R1230,R1231,R1232,R1233,R1234,R1235,R1236,R1237,R1238,R1239,R1240,R1241,R1242,R1243,R1244,R1245,R1246,R1247,R1248,R1249,R1250,R1251,R1252,R1253,R1254,R1255,R1256,R1257,R1258,R1259,R1260,R1261,R1262,R1263,R1264,R1265,R1266,R1267,R1268,R1269,R1270,R1271,R1272,R1273,R1274,R1275,R1276,R1277,R1278,R1279,R1280,R1281,R1282,R1283,R1284,R1285,R1286,R1287,R1288,R1289,R1290,R1291,R1292,R1293,R1294 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 14:04, 6 May 2023
145 BCE - 116 BCE Silver 9,943 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed head of Ptolemy I right, aegis around neck |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ (Greek).Eagle standing left on thunderbolt, L M (date) to left, ΠA to right |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Paphos | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Cyprus | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Ptolemaic dynasty (323-30 BC), Ptolemy I Soter (satrap and Ptolemaic king of Egypt, 323-305 BC), Ptolemy VIII Physcon (169-164, 144-132/1 and 126-116 BC) |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 145 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 116 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 14.10 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm ![]() |
StandardStandard.: | Ptolemaic |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/1/15/S629_Paphos_Ptolemy_VIII_tetradrachms.jpg)
S629 Paphos Ptolemy VIII tetradrachms.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Olivier 20121Olivier 2012, p. 120-126, no. 2122-2142 and 2148-2294. | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II2Sear II, n° 7908-7909 |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 8 | 25 | 8 | 4.79 | 354, 357, 359, 360, 365, 378, 382, 386 |
2 | 4 | 12.5 | 8 | 4.79 | 364, 370, 379, 381 |
3 | 1 | 3.13 | 3 | 1.8 | 380 |
4 | 2 | 6.25 | 8 | 4.79 | 361, 373 |
5 | 3 | 9.38 | 15 | 8.98 | 358, 377, 387 |
6 | 1 | 3.13 | 6 | 3.59 | 376 |
7 | 4 | 12.5 | 28 | 16.77 | 371, 374, 383, 385 |
8 | 5 | 15.63 | 40 | 23.95 | 356, 363, 366, 369, 384 |
10 | 1 | 3.13 | 10 | 5.99 | 367 |
12 | 1 | 3.13 | 12 | 7.19 | 372 |
13 | 1 | 3.13 | 13 | 7.78 | 368 |
16 | 1 | 3.13 | 16 | 9.58 | 375 |
Total | 32 of 32 | 100.04 | 167 of 167 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 32 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 8 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 101 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 167 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 5.22 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.65 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 3.16 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 25 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 35.26 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 705,200 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 39.59 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00024 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 95.21% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 9,472.49 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 9,943 kg <br /> 9,943 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 23,681.23 |
Remarks
References
- ^ Olivier, Julien (2012), Archè et Chrèmata en Egypte au IIe siècle avant J.-C. (204-81 av. J.-C.). Etude de numismatique et d'histoire, [Unpublished doctoral dissertation], Orléans University, 2012.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762