S 245 - Aetolia (uncertain mint) (Aetolian League), gold, staters (220-205 BCE)
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=S_245_-_Aetolia_(uncertain_mint)_(Aetolian_League),_gold,_staters_(220-205_BCE).png | ||
+ | |Image reference=https://greekcoinage.org/iris/id/aetolian_league.tsangari_2007.559-567_569-575 | ||
|Obverse description=Head of Athena right, wearing crested Corinthian helmet with a snake. | |Obverse description=Head of Athena right, wearing crested Corinthian helmet with a snake. | ||
|Reverse legend=AΙΤΩΛΩΝ | |Reverse legend=AΙΤΩΛΩΝ | ||
|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
+ | |Reverse description=Aetolia sitting on galatian and macedonian shields, wielding scepter in right hand and Nike in left hand, right. | ||
+ | |Mint=Aetolia (uncertain mint) | ||
+ | |Ancient region=Aetolia | ||
|Authority=Aetolian League | |Authority=Aetolian League | ||
− | |Date from=220 | + | |Date from=220 BCE |
− | |Date to=205 | + | |Date to=205 BCE |
|Period=Hellenistic | |Period=Hellenistic | ||
|Metal=Gold | |Metal=Gold | ||
|Denomination=stater | |Denomination=stater | ||
− | | | + | |Standard=Attic |
− | | | + | |Median weight=8.50 |
|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=245 | |RQEM reference number=245 | ||
+ | |Die study reference=Tsangari 2007, p. 87-89, no. 559-567 et p. 90-91, no. 569-575. | ||
|Number of obverse dies=9 | |Number of obverse dies=9 | ||
|Number of singletons=4 | |Number of singletons=4 | ||
+ | |Number of reverse dies=16 | ||
+ | |Number of coins=29 | ||
+ | |Workstation=Most likely one single workstation | ||
|Number of unidentified obverse dies=0 | |Number of unidentified obverse dies=0 | ||
− | |||
|Number of unidentified reverse dies=0 | |Number of unidentified reverse dies=0 | ||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=1 | |Frequency=1 | ||
|Number of dies=4 | |Number of dies=4 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=8,10,11,13 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=2 | |Frequency=2 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=12 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=3 | |Frequency=3 | ||
|Number of dies=2 | |Number of dies=2 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=6,7 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=6 | |Frequency=6 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=14 |
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
− | |Frequency= | + | |Frequency=11 |
− | |Number of dies= | + | |Number of dies=1 |
− | |Die name= | + | |Die name=9 |
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{Distribution Reverse Item | ||
+ | |Die name=R11,R12,R13,R14,R15,R16,R17,R18,R19,R20,R21,R22,R23,R24,R25,R26 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 16:11, 6 July 2023
220 BCE - 205 BCE Gold 18,955 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head of Athena right, wearing crested Corinthian helmet with a snake. |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | AΙΤΩΛΩΝ (Greek).Aetolia sitting on galatian and macedonian shields, wielding scepter in right hand and Nike in left hand, right. |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Aetolia (uncertain mint) | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Aetolia | Modern countryModern country: Greece | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Aetolian League |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 220 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 205 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold | Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.50 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | stater | StandardStandard.: | Attic |
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Tsangari 20071 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 4 | 44.44 | 4 | 13.79 | 8, 10, 11, 13 |
2 | 1 | 11.11 | 2 | 6.9 | 12 |
3 | 2 | 22.22 | 6 | 20.69 | 6, 7 |
6 | 1 | 11.11 | 6 | 20.69 | 14 |
11 | 1 | 11.11 | 11 | 37.93 | 9 |
Total | 9 of 9 | 99.99 | 29 of 29 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 9 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 4 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 16 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 29 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 3.22 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1.81 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 1.78 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 44.44 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 11.15 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 223,000 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 13.05 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00013 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 86.21% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 5,201.79 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 18,955 kg <br /> 18,955 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 13,004.48 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation
References
- ^ Tsangari, Dimitra (2007) Corpus des monnaies d’or, d’argent et de Bronze de la confédération étolienne, Athens, 507 p. : illustrations.