S 268 - Elaeusa, silver, tetradrachms (94-90 BCE)
From SILVER
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{{Die Study | {{Die Study | ||
+ | |Image=S268 Elaiussa.jpg | ||
+ | |Image reference=https://pro.coinarchives.com/a/lotviewer.php?LotID=76293&AucID=80&Lot=643 | ||
+ | |Obverse description=Turreted and veiled bust of Tyche right | ||
|Reverse legend=ΕΛΑΙΟΥΣΙΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΙΕΡΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΥΤΟΝΟΜΟΥ | |Reverse legend=ΕΛΑΙΟΥΣΙΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΙΕΡΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΥΤΟΝΟΜΟΥ | ||
|Reverse legend language=Greek | |Reverse legend language=Greek | ||
+ | |Reverse description=Aphrodite standing left, holding tiller(?); monogram and aplustre to outer left, ISI to inner left; all within wreath | ||
|Mint=Elaeusa | |Mint=Elaeusa | ||
|Ancient region=Cilicia | |Ancient region=Cilicia | ||
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|RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | |RQEM reference=RQEM ad. | ||
|RQEM reference number=268 | |RQEM reference number=268 | ||
− | |Die study reference= | + | |Die study reference=Houghton - Bendall 1988; Callataÿ 2002, p. 72-73. |
+ | |Coin series reference=Sear II, n° 5679 | ||
|Number of obverse dies=3 | |Number of obverse dies=3 | ||
− | |Number of reverse dies= | + | |Number of reverse dies=7 |
|Number of coins=7 | |Number of coins=7 | ||
+ | |Workstation=Most likely one single workstation | ||
+ | |Remarks=Houghton - Bendall 1988: 4 coins, 3 obv., 3 rev. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=2 | |Frequency=2 | ||
|Number of dies=2 | |Number of dies=2 | ||
− | + | |Die name=1,2 | |
− | |||
− | | | ||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Distribution Item | {{Distribution Item | ||
|Frequency=3 | |Frequency=3 | ||
|Number of dies=1 | |Number of dies=1 | ||
+ | |Die name=3 | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 00:43, 15 February 2023
94 BCE - 90 BCE Silver 1,369 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Turreted and veiled bust of Tyche right |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΕΛΑΙΟΥΣΙΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΙΕΡΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΥΤΟΝΟΜΟΥ (Greek).Aphrodite standing left, holding tiller(?), monogram and aplustre to outer left, ISI to inner left, all within wreath |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Elaeusa | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Cilicia | Modern countryModern country: Turkey | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 94 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 90 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC ![]() |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver ![]() |
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 15.70 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm ![]() |
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
![](/w/img_auth.php/5/5e/S268_Elaiussa.jpg)
S268 Elaiussa.jpg [1]
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | Houghton - Bendall 19881Houghton - Bendall 1988, Callataÿ 20022Callataÿ 2002, p. 72-73. | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | Sear II3Sear II, n° 5679 |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
2 | 2 | 66.67 | 4 | 57.14 | 1, 2 |
3 | 1 | 33.33 | 3 | 42.86 | 3 |
Total | 3 of 3 | 100 | 7 of 7 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 3 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 7 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 7 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 2.33 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 1 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.33 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 4.36 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 87,200 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 5.25 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00008 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | % | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 3,211.01 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,369 kg <br /> 1,369 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 8,027.52 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Houghton - Bendall 1988: 4 coins, 3 obv., 3 rev.
References
- ^ Houghton, Arthur - Bendall, Simon (1988), "A hoard of Aegean tetradrachms and the autonomous tetradrachms of Elaeusa Sebaste," American Numismatic Society Museum notes, New York, 33, p. 71-89.
- ^ Fr. de Callataÿ, "La production des tétradrachmes civiques de la Cilicie jusqu’à la Palestine à la fin du IIe et dans la première moitié du Ier s. av. J.-C. (Elaiussa Sébasté, Aigeai, Séleucie-de-Piérie, Laodicée, Arados, Tripolis, Sidon, Tyr, Ascalon)", in Chr. Augé et Fr. Duyrat (ed.), Les monnayages syriens. Quel apport pour l’histoire du Proche-Orient hellénistique et romain ?, Bibliothèque archéologique et historique 162, IFAPO Beyrouth, Beirut, p. 77-80.
- ^ Sear, David R. (1979), Greek coins and their values. Vol. II, Asia and North Africa, London, xlviii, p. 317-762