AC 68 - Messana, silver, tetradrachms (425-396 BCE)
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Revision as of 09:53, 21 October 2022
425 - 396 Silver 9,900 kg
Description
ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | |
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | MEΣΣANION (Greek). |
Mint and issuing power
MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Zancle | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Sicily | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: |
Chronology
FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 425 | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 396 | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Classical 480-323 BC |
Physical description
MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | tetradrachm | StandardStandard.: | |
Mode weightMode of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams).: | 17,2-4<ul><li>No units of measurement were declared for this property.</li> <!--br--><li>",2-4" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.</li></ul> |
References
Die study referencePublication of the study: | M. Caccamo Caltabiano1 | ||
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: |
Obverse dies distribution
FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
1 | 1 | 3.33 | 1 | 0.11 | 216 |
2 | 3 | 10 | 6 | 0.63 | 198, 203, 214 |
3 | 1 | 3.33 | 3 | 0.32 | 211 |
4 | 1 | 3.33 | 4 | 0.42 | 225 |
6 | 1 | 3.33 | 6 | 0.63 | 221 |
8 | 2 | 6.67 | 16 | 1.68 | 204, 222 |
9 | 1 | 3.33 | 9 | 0.95 | 213 |
17 | 2 | 6.67 | 34 | 3.58 | 197, 209 |
21 | 1 | 3.33 | 21 | 2.21 | 212 |
25 | 1 | 3.33 | 25 | 2.63 | 200 |
30 | 1 | 3.33 | 30 | 3.16 | 196 |
35 | 2 | 6.67 | 70 | 7.37 | 210, 214 |
36 | 1 | 3.33 | 36 | 3.79 | 207 |
37 | 1 | 3.33 | 37 | 3.89 | 206 |
39 | 2 | 6.67 | 78 | 8.21 | 208, 215 |
48 | 2 | 6.67 | 96 | 10.11 | 217, 219 |
50 | 1 | 3.33 | 50 | 5.26 | 223 |
55 | 1 | 3.33 | 55 | 5.79 | 220 |
56 | 1 | 3.33 | 56 | 5.89 | 201 |
67 | 1 | 3.33 | 67 | 7.05 | 218 |
74 | 1 | 3.33 | 74 | 7.79 | 199 |
77 | 1 | 3.33 | 77 | 8.11 | 202 |
99 | 1 | 3.33 | 99 | 10.42 | 205 |
Total | 30 of 30 | 99.96 | 950 of 950 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 30 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 1 |
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 65 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 950 |
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 31.67 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 14.62 |
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.17 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 3.33 % |
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 28.78 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 575,600 |
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 30.98 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00165 |
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 99.89% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 66,018.07 |
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 0 kg <br /> 9,900 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 165,045.17 |
Remarks
References
- ^ M. Caccamo Caltabiano