S 937 - Berytus / Laodicea in Phoenicia (Cleopatra and Antony), bronze (36-31 BCE)

Die Studies Database

SILVER IDUnique ID of the page ^ᵖ: 9460

40 BCE - 31 BCE Bronze

Description

ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.:
ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.:

Mint and issuing power

MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.:

Berytus / Laodicea in Phoenicia

Ancient regionAncient region.:

Syria (Phoenicia)

Modern countryModern country: Lebanon

AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources:

Chronology

FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

40 BCE

toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context..

31 BCE

PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC

Physical description

MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.:

Bronze

DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.:

StandardStandard.:

References

Die study referencePublication of the study:	J. Olivier and H. Aumaître1J. Olivier and H. Aumaître, "Antoine, Cléopâtre et le Levant. Le témoignage des monnaies", in L. Bricault et alii (éd.), Rome et les provinces. Monnayage et histoire. Mélanges offerts à Michel Amandry, Bordeaux, 2017, p. 105-
Coin series referenceReference to coin series study:
Coin series web referenceCoin series web references:	https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/1/4529 https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/1/4530

Obverse dies distribution

FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ	Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	% (o)	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	% (n)	Die nameName(s) of the die(s).
1	1	50	1	14.29	1
6	1	50	6	85.71	2
Total	2 of 2	100	7 of 7	100

Reverse dies distribution

no distribution is available

Quantification

Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o)	2	Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ
Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r)	3	Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n)	7
Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o)	3.5	Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r)	2.33
Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o)	1.5	Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ	%
Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ	2.42	Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ	48,400
Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O)	2.8	Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ	0.00014
Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O)	%	Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ	5,785.12
Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ	n.a.	Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ	14,462.81

Remarks