The "SILVER" project will study the composition of silver coins from the ancient worlds (Greek and Roman) up to 250 AD thanks to very advanced technologies used daily by geochemists. The questions raised are those of the origin of money and the link between economic development and the circulation of silver coins and objects of worship.
At the time, money was the foundation of the current economy: it was used to pay salaries and balances, as well as for ordinary transactions. Gold was too rare to be really useful for the payment needs of the population. As for copper as it was used for small change, in the Egypt of the Ptolemies for example, it was of such little value that people were forced to mint heavy coins. In addition, copper money competed with the demand for bronze used for weapons. It is therefore through money that wealth circulated and it is the study of this circulation that is the subject of this project.
<span class="fas fa-coins" Die Study Database
Currently, there are 2,771 entries in the database.
<span class="fas fa-hammer" Overstrike Database
Currently, there are 2,963 entries in the database.
References
- ^ Albarède, Francis - Blichert-Toft, Janne - Gentelli, Liesel - Milot, Jean - Vaxevanopoulos, Markos - Westner, Katrin - Klein, Sabine - Birch, Thomas - Davis, Gillan - Callataÿ, François de (2020), “A miner’s perspective on Pb isotope provenances in the Western and Central Mediterranean,” Journal of Archaeological Science, 121, 105194, p. 1-14. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2020.105194).
- ^ Albarède, Francis - Blichert-Toft, Jane - Callataÿ, François de - Davis, Gilian - Debernardi, Pierluigi - Gentelli, Liesel - Gitler, Haim - Kemmers, Fleur - Klien, Sabine - Malod-Dognin, Chloé et al. (2021), “From commodity to money: the rise of silver coinage around the ancient Mediterranean (6th-1st century BCE),” Archaeometry, 63 (1), 2021, p. 142-155. (https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.12615).
- ^ Albarède, Francis - Callataÿ, François de - Debernardi, Pierluigi - Blichert-Toft, Janne (2021), “Model for ancient Greek and Roman coinage production”, Journal of Archaeological Science, 131, DOI 105406 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2021.105406).
- ^ Milot, Jean - Malod-Dognin, Chloé - Blichert-Toft, Janne - Télouk, Philippe - Albarède, Francis (2021), "Sampling and combined Pb and Ag isotopic analysis of ancient silver coins and ores," Chemical Geology, 20 March 2021, 120028 (see: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009254120305672)
- ^ Gentelli, Liesel - Blichert-Toft, Janne - Davis, Gillan - Gitler, Haim - Albarède, Francis (2021), "Metal provenance of Iron Age Hacksilber hoards in the southern Levant," Journal of Archaeological Science, 134, 105472 (see: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440321001424)
- ^ Milot, Jean - Blichert-Toft, Janne - Ayarzagüena Sanz, Mariano - Feder, Nadège - Télouk, Philippe - Albarède, Francis (2021), "The significance of galena Pb model ages and the formation of large Pb-Zn sedimentary deposits," Chemical Geology, 583, 20 November 2021, 120444 (see: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009254121003879)
- ^ Milot, Jean - Blichert-Toft, Janne - Ayarzagüena Sanz, Mariano - Malod-Dognin, Chloé - Télouk, Philippe - Albarède, Francis (2023), "Silver isotope and volatile trace element systematics in galena samples from the Iberian Peninsula and the quest for silver sources of Roman coinage," Geology, 50 (4), p. 422–426 (https://doi.org/10.1130/G49690.1)
- ^ Vaxevanopoulos, Markos - Blichert-Toft, Janne - Davis, Gillan - Albarède, Francis (2022), "New findings of ancient Greek silver sources," Journal of Archaeological Science, 137, January 2022, 105474 (see: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440321001448)
- ^ Blichert-Toft, Janne - Callataÿ, François de - Télouk, Philippe - Albarède, Francis (2022), “Origin and fate of the greatest accumulation of silver in ancient history”, Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 14:64, 10 p. (see https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-022-01537-y)
- ^ Vaxevanopoulos, Markos - Davis, Gillan - Milot, Jean - Blichert-Toft, Janne - Malot-Dognin, Chloé - Albarède, Francis (2022), "Narrowing provenance for ancient Greek silver coins using Ag isotopes and Sb contents of potential ores," Journal of Archaeological Science, 145, 105645 (see: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440322001030)
- ^ Westner, Katrin - Vaxevanopoulos, Markos - Blichert-Toft, Janne - Davis, Gillan - Albarède, Francis (2023), "Isotope and trace element compositions of silver-bearing ores in the Balkans as possible metal sources in antiquity," Journal of Archaeological Science, 155, July 2023, 105791 (see: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440323000699)
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2003), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires archaïques et classiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, VII + 267 p.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (2017), “Greek Overstrikes Database: a short presentation”, in Maria Caccamo Caltabiano et al. (eds.), XVth International Numismatic Congress. Taormina. Proceedings, I, Messina, 2017, p. 467-470.
- ^ Macdonald, David (2009), Overstruck Greek coins: studies in Greek chronology and monetary theory, Whitman Publishing, Atlanta.
