Callatis (Lysimachus), gold, staters (120-72 BCE)
From SILVER
120 BCE - 72 BCE Gold 10,379 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Head right of the deified Alexander the Great, with horn of Ammon |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΛΥΣΙMΑΧΟΥ (Greek).Athena seated left holding Nike |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Callatis | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Thrace | Modern countryModern country: Romania | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Lysimachus (Macedonian officer, diadochus and king, c. 360-281 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 120 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 72 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Gold
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 8.25 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | stater
|
StandardStandard.: | Attic |
Image
RQEMH 58 - Callatis, gold, stater, 120-72 BC.jpg
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Callataÿ 19951Callataÿ 1995, Callataÿ 1997a2Callataÿ 1997a | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | RQEMH3RQEMH, n° 58, HGC 3.24HGC 3.2, n° 1824 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 2 | 33.33 | 2 | 4.55 | 1, 2 |
| 2 | 1 | 16.67 | 2 | 4.55 | 5 |
| 8 | 1 | 16.67 | 8 | 18.18 | 3 |
| 9 | 1 | 16.67 | 9 | 20.45 | 4 |
| 23 | 1 | 16.67 | 23 | 52.27 | 6 |
| Total | 6 of 6 | 100.01 | 44 of 44 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 6 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 2 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 16 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 44 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 7.33 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 2.75 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 2.67 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 33.33 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 6.29 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 125,800 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 6.95 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00035 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 95.45% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 13,990.46 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 10,379 kg <br /> 10,379 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 34,976.15 |
Remarks
Most likely one single workstation Certainly military
References
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1995), "Les derniers statères posthumes de Lysimaque émis à Istros, Tomis et Callatis", in Numismatic and Sphragistic Contributions to Ancient and Medieval History of Dobroudja. International Symposium. Dobrich/1993 = Dobroudja, 12, p. 39-50.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), L'histoire des guerres mithridatiques vue par les monnaies, Numismatica Lovaniensia 18, Louvain-la-Neuve, XIII + 481 p. et 54 pl.
- ^ Callataÿ, François de (1997), Recueil quantitatif des émissions monétaires hellénistiques, Numismatique Romaine, Wetteren, X + 341 p.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2017), Handbook of Coins of Macedon and Its Neighbors. 3. Part 2: Thrace, Skythia, and Taurike, Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, xix, 232 p.
