S 2 - Syracuse (Philistis), silver, drachms (216-215 BCE)
From SILVER
216 BCE - 215 BCE Silver 1,423 kg
Description
| ObverseInscription or printing placed on the obverse.: | Diademed and veiled bust of Philistis to left, behind, grain ear |
| ReverseInscription or printing placed on the reverse.: | BAΣΙΛIΣΣΑΣ ΦΙΛΙΣΤΙΔΟΣ (Greek).Nike driving quadriga galloping to right, holding reins in both hands, above, KI, below the horses, thunderbolt |
Mint and issuing power
| MintIdentifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.: | Syracuse | Ancient regionAncient region.: | Sicily | Modern countryModern country: Italy | AuthorityIdentifies the issuing power. The authority can be "pretended" when the name or the portrait of X is on the coin but he/she was not the issuing power. It can also be "uncertain" when there is no mention of X on the coin but he/she was the issuing power according to the historical sources: | Hieron II of Syracuse (tyrant of Syracuse, 270-215 BC), Philistis (queen of Syracusa, 274-216 BC) |
Chronology
| FromIdentifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context. | 216 BCE | toIdentifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.. | 215 BCE | PeriodTime period of the numismatic object.: Hellenistic 323-30 BC 
|
Physical description
| MetalThe physical material (usually metal) from which an object is made.: | Silver
|
Median weightMedian of the weights of numismatic objects (in grams). in grams | 4.40 | DenominationTerm indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.: | drachma
|
StandardStandard.: |
Image
,_silver,_drachms_(216-215_BCE).jpg)
S 2 - Syracuse (Philistis), silver, drachms (216-215 BCE).jpg [1]
References
| Die study referencePublication of the study: | Caccamo Caltabiano - Carroccio - Oteri 19971Caccamo Caltabiano - Carroccio - Oteri 1997, p. 182-188, n° 220-238 | ||
| Coin series referenceReference to coin series study: | HGC 22HGC 2, n° 1559 | ||
Obverse dies distribution
| FrequencyFrequency of specimen in distribution. ᵖ | Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | % (o) | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | % (n) | Die nameName(s) of the die(s). |
| 1 | 3 | 18.75 | 3 | 1.76 | 3(C1), 5(C1), 2(C2:K) |
| 2 | 1 | 6.25 | 2 | 1.18 | 1(C1) |
| 3 | 5 | 31.25 | 15 | 8.82 | 6(C1), 7(C1), 1(C2:Φ-MI), 1(C2:A), 3(C2:A) |
| 4 | 3 | 18.75 | 12 | 7.06 | 1(C2:4), 3(C2:K), 4(C2:K) |
| 6 | 1 | 6.25 | 6 | 3.53 | 2(C2:A) |
| 34 | 1 | 6.25 | 34 | 20 | 4(C1) |
| 42 | 1 | 6.25 | 42 | 24.71 | 2(C2:Φ-MI) |
| 56 | 1 | 6.25 | 56 | 32.94 | 2(C1) |
| Total | 16 of 16 | 100 | 170 of 170 | 100 |
Reverse dies distribution
no distribution is available
Quantification
| Number of obversesNumber of obverse dies. ᵖ (o) | 16 | Number of singletons (o1)The number of singleton coins. ᵖ | 3 |
| Number of reverse diesNumber of reverse dies. (r) | 11 | Number of coinsNumber of coins. (n) | 170 |
| Coins per obverse dieNumber of coins per obverse die. (n/o) | 10.63 | Coins per reverse dieNumber of coins per reverse die. (n/r) | 15.45 |
| Reverse per obverse ratioRatio of obverse dies divided by reverse dies. (r/o) | 0.69 | Percentage of singletons (o1)number of coins (n) divided by the number of singletons (o1) ᵖ | 18.75 % |
| Original number of dies (O) (Carter 1983 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to Carter 1983 ᵖ | 16.17 | Coins struck if 20,000 as average productivity per dieCoins made if the average productivity for obverses (according to Carter) is 20,000. ᵖ | 323,400 |
| Original number of dies (O) (Esty 2011 formula)The estimation of the number of coins according to the singleton formula in Esty 2011 ᵖ (O) | 17.66 | Survival rate if 20,000 as average productivity per dieSurvival rate if average productivity is 20,000. ᵖ | 0.00053 |
| Coverage (o = % of O) (Esty 1984 formula)Esty 1984 - coverage (% of O) ᵖ (o = % of O) | 98.24% | Die productivity if survival rate 1/2,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/2,000. ᵖ | 21,026.59 |
| Weight of silver (in kg) if 20,000 coins per die (O = Carter formula)Carter 1983 * Median weight * 20000 (*10 if gold or electrum) ᵖ | 1,423 kg <br /> 1,423 kg | Die productivity if survival rate 1/5,000Average productivity if survival rate is 1/5,000. ᵖ | 52,566.48 |
Remarks
Most likely more than 2 workstations
References
- ^ Caccamo Caltabiano, Maria - Carroccio, Benedetto - Oteri, Emilia (1997), Siracusa ellenistica. Le monete ‘regali’ di Ierone II, della sua famiglia e dei Siracusani, Messina, 1997, 255 p., liii pl.
- ^ Hoover, Oliver D. (2012), The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series. 2. Handbook of the Coins of Sicily (Including Lipara). Civic, Royal, Siculo-Punic, and Romano-Sicilian Issues. Sixth to First Centuries BC, Lancaster-London, 489 p.
